北(bei)京自考(kao)合同法(fa)有哪些重(zhong)點？關于這個問題中國教育在線自考(kao)平臺小編就簡(jian)單為大家(jia)說(shuo)一下。

自考合同法考試(shi)重點(dian)：

合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)力、本意是(shi)合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重點章節之一(yi)。合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)法(fa)通(tong)過(guo)時合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)確認，從而維護(hu)正(zheng)常的(de)(de)(de)(de)交(jiao)易(yi)關系。因此(ci)，合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是(shi)否有(you)效(xiao)。不僅關系到法(fa)律是(shi)否給予保(bao)護(hu)，另一(yi)方面也關系到當事(shi)人訂立合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)能否實(shi)(shi)現。任何有(you)效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，都須(xu)具備法(fa)律規定的(de)(de)(de)(de)要件。既行為(wei)人民(min)具有(you)相應的(de)(de)(de)(de)民(min)事(shi)行為(wei)能力;意思表示真實(shi)(shi);不違反(fan)法(fa)律和社會的(de)(de)(de)(de)公共利益;具備法(fa)律所要求的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)形式(shi)。當然，由于交(jiao)易(yi)活動是(shi)復雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)，合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)法(fa)允許當事(shi)人在(zai)訂立合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)時可(ke)以的(de)(de)(de)(de)條件或附期(qi)限。

具(ju)備(bei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)所規定的(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)，合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)會門依法(fa)(fa)(fa)成立并(bing)生效(xiao)(xiao)，對(dui)當(dang)事人(ren)即產(chan)生法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)上的(de)(de)(de)拘束(shu)力，當(dang)事人(ren)可以(yi)按照(zhao)合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)享有權利(li)并(bing)承(cheng)擔義務(wu)。不(bu)履行(xing)(xing)(xing)合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)或履行(xing)(xing)(xing)合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)不(bu)適(shi)當(dang)，則要(yao)承(cheng)擔違約責任。不(bu)具(ju)備(bei)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)所規定的(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)件(jian)(jian)，原則上合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)應歸于無(wu)(wu)效(xiao)(xiao)。按照(zhao)合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)的(de)(de)(de)規定，以(yi)欺詐、脅迫的(de)(de)(de)手段(duan)定立合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)，損害(hai)國家利(li)益(yi)(yi);惡意串通、損害(hai)國家、集(ji)體或第三(san)者利(li)益(yi)(yi);以(yi)合(he)法(fa)(fa)(fa)形式掩(yan)蓋非法(fa)(fa)(fa)目的(de)(de)(de);損害(hai)社會公(gong)共(gong)利(li)益(yi)(yi);違反法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)行(xing)(xing)(xing)政法(fa)(fa)(fa)現的(de)(de)(de)強行(xing)(xing)(xing)性規定等的(de)(de)(de)合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)，均屬無(wu)(wu)效(xiao)(xiao)。并(bing)且無(wu)(wu)效(xiao)(xiao)合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)無(wu)(wu)效(xiao)(xiao)時間具(ju)有溯及力，即合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)自始無(wu)(wu)效(xiao)(xiao)。但值得注意的(de)(de)(de)是，由于過(guo)(guo)去我國相關的(de)(de)(de)合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)法(fa)(fa)(fa)對(dui)合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)無(wu)(wu)效(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)確認(ren)范(fan)圍過(guo)(guo)，寬泛，致許(xu)多合(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)僅因欠缺(que)個別(bie)要(yao)件(jian)(jian)而被歸于無(wu)(wu)效(xiao)(xiao)，使(shi)許(xu)多本來可以(yi)通過(guo)(guo)調整。

補正就可(ke)以履(lv)行并達(da)當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)訂(ding)立合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)之目的(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)因(yin)被宣告無(wu)效而無(wu)法履(lv)行，影響了交易(yi)活(huo)動的(de)(de)(de)進(jin)行，為此，合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)法在明(ming)確廠合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)無(wu)效的(de)(de)(de)標準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)時(shi)，還規(gui)定(ding)了可(ke)撤銷合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)和效力待(dai)(dai)定(ding)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，這兩類合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)實際上是允許當(dang)事(shi)人(ren)通過(guo)行使權(quan)利(li)而達(da)到其(qi)(qi)(qi)訂(ding)立合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)。效力待(dai)(dai)定(ding)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)是指合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)雖然已經成立，但因(yin)其(qi)(qi)(qi)不完全符合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)有(you)關生效條(tiao)件的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)，因(yin)此，其(qi)(qi)(qi)效力能(neng)(neng)否(fou)發生。尚(shang)未確定(ding)，一般(ban)須經有(you)權(quan)人(ren)表示承認(ren)才能(neng)(neng)生效。這類合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)通常是無(wu)締約能(neng)(neng)力人(ren)、無(wu)代理(li)權(quan)人(ren)、無(wu)處(chu)分權(quan)人(ren)等與他人(ren)訂(ding)立的(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。從(cong)表面上看，好(hao)象合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)已具(ju)備了有(you)效的(de)(de)(de)條(tiao)件，其(qi)(qi)(qi)實尚(shang)待(dai)(dai)權(quan)利(li)人(ren)追認(ren)，其(qi)(qi)(qi)后果(guo)是權(quan)利(li)人(ren)承認(ren)。合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)生效，否(fou)則，該合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)將被歸于無(wu)效。

效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)力待(dai)(dai)定(ding)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)于無(wu)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)，也不(bu)同(tong)(tong)(tong)于可(ke)撤(che)銷(xiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。可(ke)撤(che)銷(xiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)包括(kuo)兩種情形，一(yi)是(shi)(shi)當(dang)(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)訂立的(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)顯失公平(ping);二是(shi)(shi)當(dang)(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)因重大誤解而訂立的(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。這類(lei)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)撤(che)銷(xiao)權是(shi)(shi)由當(dang)(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)行使的(de)(de)，人(ren)民法(fa)院不(bu)主動撤(che)銷(xiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)。當(dang)(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)申(shen)請(qing)撤(che)銷(xiao)的(de)(de)，被(bei)撤(che)銷(xiao)的(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)與無(wu)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)一(yi)樣，自(zi)始(shi)無(wu)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，當(dang)(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)承擔無(wu)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)法(fa)律(lv)后(hou)果，如當(dang)(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)不(bu)申(shen)請(qing)撤(che)銷(xiao)。仍可(ke)履行。當(dang)(dang)(dang)然，合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)無(wu)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)有全部(bu)無(wu)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)與部(bu)分(fen)(fen)無(wu)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)之分(fen)(fen)。部(bu)分(fen)(fen)無(wu)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)如不(bu)影(ying)響主要部(bu)分(fen)(fen)履行的(de)(de)，法(fa)律(lv)允許當(dang)(dang)(dang)事(shi)人(ren)履行其有效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)。學(xue)員學(xue)習本章內容(rong)，應(ying)了解合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)力與合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)成立的(de)(de)區別及(ji)意義(yi)，掌握(wo)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)生效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)要件(jian)，了解并能(neng)運(yun)用(yong)附條件(jian)和(he)附期限的(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)，理(li)解效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)力待(dai)(dai)定(ding)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)制度，把(ba)握(wo)無(wu)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)和(he)可(ke)撤(che)銷(xiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)制度，能(neng)運(yun)用(yong)締約過失責任和(he)返還財產制度。

需(xu)要注意(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具體問題是：(1)基本概念：合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)生(sheng)效(xiao)、附條件的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、附期(qi)限(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、效(xiao)力待(dai)(dai)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、無權(quan)代理、表(biao)見代理、無處分權(quan)行為(wei)、無效(xiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。本人(ren)、相對人(ren)、欺詐、可(ke)撤(che)(che)銷(xiao)(xiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、重大(da)誤解的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)。顯(xian)失(shi)公(gong)平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、乘人(ren)之(zhi)危等。(2)重點(dian)及難點(dian)：合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)生(sheng)效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)內容(rong);合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)生(sheng)效(xiao)與合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)成立的(de)(de)(de)(de)區別;合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)效(xiao)要件;民法通則關于自然(ran)人(ren)行為(wei)能力的(de)(de)(de)(de)確認;意(yi)思表(biao)示一致的(de)(de)(de)(de)基本涵(han)義(yi);附條件合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中對所(suo)附條件的(de)(de)(de)(de)具體要求;附期(qi)限(xian)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)中關于所(suo)附期(qi)限(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)具體規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding);效(xiao)力待(dai)(dai)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)幾(ji)種(zhong)表(biao)現形式;效(xiao)力待(dai)(dai)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)與可(ke)撤(che)(che)銷(xiao)(xiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)、無效(xiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)補正(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)不同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong);無效(xiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)特征(zheng);無效(xiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)范圍;如何(he)審(shen)查和(he)制定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)無效(xiao);可(ke)撤(che)(che)銷(xiao)(xiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)特征(zheng);當事(shi)人(ren)如何(he)行使撤(che)(che)銷(xiao)(xiao)權(quan);可(ke)撤(che)(che)銷(xiao)(xiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)種(zhong)類(lei);如何(he)理解重大(da)誤解和(he)顯(xian)失(shi)公(gong)平(ping);乘人(ren)之(zhi)危的(de)(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)有(you)哪些特征(zheng);承擔無效(xiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)責任方式如何(he);無效(xiao)合(he)(he)(he)(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)無效(xiao)時(shi)間及溯及力的(de)(de)(de)(de)規(gui)定(ding)(ding)(ding)(ding)等。

同時(shi)，自考(kao)考(kao)生們更(geng)應(ying)特別注意本(ben)章(zhang)知識在實際中的(de)(de)運用，要求能運用本(ben)章(zhang)知識和相關章(zhang)節的(de)(de)知識分(fen)析和解決實際問題及(ji)(ji)案例。因為(wei)任何(he)形式的(de)(de)合同案例、均會涉及(ji)(ji)合同有效或無效。

以上是關(guan)(guan)于2022年成人自(zi)考(kao)(kao)相關(guan)(guan)內容(rong)，考(kao)(kao)生如果想獲取更多關(guan)(guan)于自(zi)考(kao)(kao)的相關(guan)(guan)資訊，如成人自(zi)考(kao)(kao)報名時間(jian)、考(kao)(kao)試時間(jian)、報考(kao)(kao)條件、備考(kao)(kao)知識、相關(guan)(guan)新(xin)聞(wen)等，敬請關(guan)(guan)注(zhu)中(zhong)國教育(yu)在線(xian)成人自(zi)學考(kao)(kao)試頻道。