英語專四備考系列：作文摸板--分析利弊/差異型。在這類題型中，考生往往被要求分析某件事情的利弊或是兩件事情之間的差異 ，題干中會明確地提到以下關鍵詞 ：

　　advantages and disadvantages

　　merits and demerits

　　strengths and weaknesses

　　benefits and dangers

　　positive and negative

　　the importance/significance/benefits of ...

　　the main differences between ... and ...

　　典型真題

　　(1995)

　　Nowadays it has become fashionable for college students to take a part-time job in their spare time. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this trend.

　　(1996)

　　Every college student would agree that life in college is not the same as it was in the middle school. Now, you have been asked by the Student’s Union to write a passage entitled:

　　The Main Difference Between My College Life and My Middle School Life

　　(1999)

　　We see advertisements on television everyday. Some people think that TV advertising brings us bene? ts, but others don’t think so. What is your opinion?

　　Major Advantage/Disadvantage of Advertising on Television

　　(2000)

　　College life should be varied and colorful and extracurricular activities are an important aspect of it. However, at present, there is much room for improvement in this regard. Write an article to the university radio entitled:

　　The Importance of Extracurricular Activities

　　Travel has become part of our life. And more and more of us have come to know the signi?cance of travel through our own experience:

　　Travel Broadens the Mind

　　(2003)

　　People in modern society live under a lot of pressure, from education, career or family. So it is important for them to keep a good mood under whatever circumstances.

　　The Importance of Keeping a Good Mood

　　(2008)

　　December 5th is International Volunteers’ Day. Since 1985, when the United Nations announced the special day, tens of millions of people around the world have volunteered to help those in need. China now has 4.5 million registered volunteers that have provided more than 4.5 billion hours of volunteer work. What can you gain from volunteering? Write a composition of about 200 words on the following topic:

　　The Bene? ts of Volunteering

　　解題思路

　　考生要看清題目的要求，有時是需要利弊兩方面都談，有時題干中已經規定好了是寫優勢、重要性還是弊端。閱卷人往往希望看到考生的文章思路開闊、條理清晰，比如2008

　　年的題目，題干要求論述“志愿活動的好處”，主體部分可以著重論述志愿活動對社會的好處，也可以論述志愿活動給志愿者本人帶來的好處，還可以兼顧兩方面。構思立意時要從多個角度論述自己的觀點，并對所有素材加以整合、歸納。以討論“對志愿者自己的好處”為例，考生可以討論如下好處：

　　第一，提升交際、溝通能力（包括擴大交際面，與不同的人打交道，協調不同的關系，理解不同的立場等）。

　　第二，提高工作能力、學以致用（主要談對自己知識、技能的提高有什么作用，包括學校知識的運用、實際能力的提高等，注意與前面的“交際能力”有所區分）。

　　第三，成就感，獲得心理上的滿足（獲得尊敬與承認，實現自我價值）。

　　常用模板

　　1. 引言段：AAA has improved the quality of our lives and is playing an important role in our daily life. The benefits that AAA brings to us are far more than its disadvantages. However, we cannot ignore its problems.

　　主體段：On the positive  side, AAA has enabled us to (AAA  的優勢1). For  instance, ...Besides, (優勢2). Nowadays, ... In addition, (優勢3), such as ... On the negative side, (AAA的弊端1). For example, ... Besides, (弊端2). Furthermore, (弊端3).

　　總結段 ：All in all, we cannot live without AAA for the convenience it brings to us, but we

　　should also be aware of the negative effects it creates on the modern life.

　　2.引言段：BBB has been playing an increasingly important role in our daily life and its advantages are undeniable to us.

　　主體段 ：Most importantly, (BBB 的好處1). (詳細闡述) We should also focus our attention on (好處2). (詳細闡述) Likewise, (好處3) is worth some words here. (詳細闡述)

　　總結段 ：All in all, it is no denying that we cannot live without BBB. It ..., ..., and ...  （再總結壓縮一下BBB 的優勢或重要性 ）

　　3.引言段 ：(復述題干背景) Comparing CCC with DDD, there do exist many differences.

　　主體段 ：The maj or difference lies in  ... (詳細闡述). There is also a difference in the aspect of ...(詳細闡述)

　　總結段 ：To sum up, CCC and DDD are different considering ... and ...

　　4.引言段 ：(復述題干背景) Looking into EEE and FFF, the maj or difference is that ...

　　主體段 ：(因為只是 闡述主要 的差異 ，題干 中是單數 ，所 以一定要注意圍繞這一點詳細闡述 ）

　　總結段 ：Comparing EEE with FFF, there are many differences, among which the most prominent one lies in ...

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