Exoplanets托福聽力原文翻譯及問題答案

一、Exoplanets托福聽力原文：

MALE PROFESSOR:OK,we've been discussing the planets in our solar system,and how some of the ones farthest from the Sun were discovered.Well,today I'd like to turn to what are called exoplanets,and how researchers detect them.Maria?

FEMALE STUDENT:Exoplanets are planets that orbit around a star other than our Sun,right?They're not in our solar system…

MALE PROFESSOR:Right.They have different,what're called host stars.The study of exoplanets has been getting more and more exciting;hundreds of them have been discovered so far.This is quite remarkable in view of the fact that the discovery of the first exoplanets was confirmed only in the mid-1990s.Now we’re finding new ones every few weeks or so.

FEMALE STUDENT:So,uh—exactly why are we interested in these exoplanets,anyway?Is it to see if there's life on them?'Cause it seems to me like the only exoplanets we ever hear about are gas giants,like Jupiter and Saturn,that couldn’t possibly support carbon-based life….

MALE PROFESSOR:OK,well,let's talk about that.

First,as for discovering life…wellll,I think that sort of discovery is pretty far in the future,but it is an eventual goal.

For now,the focus is on locating planets within a host star's so-called habitable zone,a zone that's a certain distance from its star.Because only planets within this zone could conceivably support carbon-based life.

So what would such a planet need?

FEMALE STUDENT:Water?

MALE PROFESSOR:Yes,it'd need to be the right temperature to sustain liquid water.

MALE STUDENT:#And it would need to be a rocky planet….I mean,as opposed to a gas giant….

MALE PROFESSOR:OK,good.An Earth-like planet.

Now,as to that,there are some recently detected exoplanets that might actually be Earth-like.

For example,there's a red dwarf star—that's what most stars are—uh,that's called Gliese 581.

Gliese 581 is…well,it's a lot more interesting than that name makes it seem.This host star is considered a near neighbor of our solar system because it's only about twenty light-years away.That's pretty close,by astronomical standards.And being a red dwarf star,it's small and relatively cool,at least compared with the Sun.

And researchers have discovered planets orbiting Gliese 581.These exoplanets have been named—ready?—Gliese 581 b,c,d,e…in alphabetical order of their discovery.

Gliese 581d and e are the planets I want to focus on now.See,in 2009 a group of researchers made an announcement:these two exoplanets,Gliese 581d and e,do have some Earth-like qualities.Gliese 581d had actually been discovered a couple of years earlier,and when its orbit was originally calculated,it was thought to be too far away from its host star to be warm enough to support a liquid ocean,let alone carbon-based life.But then its orbit was recalculated,and now we see that Gliese 581d is within its host's habitable zone.

MALE STUDENT:#So it might have an ocean?

MALE PROFESSOR:Well,conceivably.

See,Gliese 581d weighs seven times what Earth weighs,and it's unlikely that it's made entirely of rocks…because it's so massive.The researchers studying it said that it could have a rocky core;an ice layer;a large,deep ocean;and an atmosphere.

OK,and there was another announcement,along with the recalculated orbit of Gliese 581d.That was the discovery of another planet in the system,Gliese 581e.Compared with other exoplanets,its mass is quite small—only about twice that of Earth's.

FEMALE STUDENT:So is Gliese 581e a more Earth-like planet?

MALE PROFESSOR:Well,we have to consider its orbit.Gliese 581e orbits its host star in a much shorter period of time than the other planets in the system,meaning it's very close to the star.And therefore too hot for water,for an ocean.

However,the fact that it's relatively close to the size of Earth—small,in astronomical terms—that was pretty exciting.It's impressive that we have the technology to detect it.And it bodes well for future research.Who knows what we'll find the more we search?

二、Exoplanets托福聽力中文翻譯：

男教授：好吧，我們一(yi)直(zhi)在討論太(tai)陽系中的行星，以及(ji)一(yi)些(xie)離太(tai)陽最(zui)遠(yuan)的行星是如何被(bei)發現的。今天，我想談談所謂的系外行星，以及(ji)研究(jiu)人員如何探測它(ta)們。瑪麗亞？

女學生：系(xi)外行(xing)星(xing)是圍繞太陽以外的(de)恒星(xing)運行(xing)的(de)行(xing)星(xing)，對嗎？它們不在我們的(de)太陽系(xi)中…

男教授：對(dui)(dui)。他們有(you)不(bu)同的，被稱為宿主(zhu)星。對(dui)(dui)系(xi)(xi)外行星的研(yan)究越(yue)來越(yue)令人興奮(fen)；到目前(qian)為止，已經發現了數百(bai)個。鑒于(yu)第(di)一批(pi)系(xi)(xi)外行星的發現僅在20世紀90年代中期才得到證實，這一點相當顯著。現在我們每隔幾周(zhou)左右就會發現新的。

女學生(sheng)：那么(me)，我(wo)們(men)到底(di)為什(shen)么(me)對這些系(xi)外行星(xing)感興趣？是不是要看看他們(men)身上有沒(mei)有生(sheng)命因為在我(wo)看來(lai)，我(wo)們(men)聽到的唯一的系(xi)外行星(xing)是像木星(xing)和土(tu)星(xing)這樣的氣體巨(ju)星(xing)，它們(men)不可能支持碳基生(sheng)命…。

男教授：好吧，讓(rang)我們(men)談談這(zhe)個。

首先(xian)，關于發現(xian)生(sheng)命，我認為這種發現(xian)在未來相當遙遠，但這是最(zui)終的目標。

目前，重(zhong)點(dian)是在主恒星(xing)的所謂可居住區內(nei)定位行星(xing)，該區域距(ju)離恒星(xing)有(you)一定距(ju)離。因(yin)為只有(you)在這個區域內(nei)的行星(xing)才能支持碳基生命。

那么，這樣(yang)一(yi)個星球需要什么呢？

女學生：水？

男教(jiao)授：是的，需要合適(shi)的溫(wen)度(du)來維持液態水。

男(nan)學(xue)生：#而(er)且它必須是一個巖石星球(qiu)…。我的意思(si)是，相(xiang)對于(yu)氣體巨(ju)人(ren)…。

男教授：好(hao)，很好(hao)。類(lei)似地球的行(xing)星。

現在，關(guan)于(yu)這(zhe)一點，最(zui)近(jin)發現的一些系外行星實際上可(ke)能(neng)與(yu)地球(qiu)類似。

例如，有一(yi)顆紅矮(ai)星，大(da)多數(shu)恒星都是(shi)這(zhe)樣的，叫(jiao)做Gliese 581。

格利澤581是…嗯(ng)，它(ta)比這(zhe)個名字看起來更有趣。這(zhe)顆主星(xing)被(bei)認(ren)為(wei)是我們太陽系的近鄰，因為(wei)它(ta)距(ju)離我們只有大約20光年。以天文標準(zhun)來說(shuo)，這(zhe)相(xiang)(xiang)當接近。作為(wei)一顆紅(hong)矮星(xing)，它(ta)很小，相(xiang)(xiang)對較(jiao)冷，至少與太陽相(xiang)(xiang)比。

研(yan)究人員(yuan)發現(xian)了圍繞格利澤581軌道(dao)運行的行星。這些系外行星已(yi)經被命名(ming)為“準備好了嗎？”-格利澤581 b，c，d，e…按他們發現(xian)的字母順(shun)序(xu)排列。

Gliese 581d和(he)e是我(wo)現(xian)在(zai)(zai)要關注的行(xing)星(xing)(xing)。2009年，一組研(yan)究人員(yuan)宣布：這兩顆(ke)系(xi)外(wai)行(xing)星(xing)(xing)，Gliese 581d和(he)e，確實具有類(lei)似地(di)球的性質。Gliese 581d實際上是在(zai)(zai)幾年前(qian)被發現(xian)的，在(zai)(zai)最初計(ji)算其(qi)軌(gui)道(dao)時，人們認為它離宿(su)主恒星(xing)(xing)太遠，溫度不足(zu)以支(zhi)撐液態海洋，更不用說碳基生命了(le)。但后來(lai)重新計(ji)算了(le)它的軌(gui)道(dao)，現(xian)在(zai)(zai)我(wo)們看(kan)到Gliese 581d位(wei)于(yu)其(qi)宿(su)主的可居住區內。

男學(xue)生：#所以它可能有海(hai)洋？

男教授：嗯，可以(yi)想象。

你看，Gliese 581d的重量是地球的七(qi)倍，它不可(ke)能(neng)完(wan)全由(you)巖石組成，因為(wei)它太大了(le)。研(yan)究人員說(shuo)，它可(ke)能(neng)有一個巖石核心；冰層；大而深的海洋；和氣氛(fen)。

好(hao)的(de)(de)，還(huan)有另一個公(gong)告，還(huan)有重新(xin)計算的(de)(de)Gliese 581d軌道。這(zhe)是在星系中(zhong)發現的(de)(de)另一顆行星，Gliese 581e。與其他系外行星相比，它的(de)(de)質量(liang)非(fei)常小，只(zhi)有地球的(de)(de)兩倍。

女學生：那么格利(li)澤581e更像地球嗎？

男(nan)教授(shou)：我們必須考慮它(ta)的軌(gui)道。Gliese 581e圍繞其(qi)(qi)主星運行的時間比系統中的其(qi)(qi)他行星短得多，這意味著它(ta)離恒星非常近(jin)。因此對于水和海洋(yang)來(lai)說太熱了。

然而，從天文角度(du)來(lai)看，它(ta)相對接(jie)近地球的(de)大(da)小(xiao)，這一事實非常令人興奮。令人印(yin)象(xiang)深刻的(de)是(shi)，我們擁(yong)有檢測(ce)它(ta)的(de)技術。這是(shi)未來(lai)研究的(de)好(hao)兆頭。誰知道我們搜索得越多會(hui)發(fa)現什么？

三(san)、Exoplanets托福聽力問題：

Q1:1.What do the speakers mainly discuss?

A.Whether life could exist outside a star's habitable zone

B.Techniques used by researchers to detect exoplanets

C.Exoplanets that share certain characteristics with Earth

D.Characteristics of several recently discovered red dwarf stars

Q2:2.What does the professor say about the host star Gliese 581?[Click on 2 answers.]

A.It is larger than the Sun.

B.It is cooler than the Sun.

C.It is a relatively young star.

D.It is relatively close to Earth.

Q3:3.What does the professor suggest about life on other planets?

A.It most likely does not exist.

B.It probably will not be discovered in the near future.

C.It probably would not be similar to life on Earth.

D.It could possibly be found even on gas giants.

Q4:4.What did researchers discover about the planet Gliese 581d when they reexamined it?

A.It is made entirely of rocks.

B.It is not able to support an ocean.

C.It is smaller than previously thought.

D.It is closer to its host star than previousty thought.

Q5:5.Why is the planet Gliese 581e unlikely to support carbon-based life?

A.It is too hot.

B.It is too small.

C.It is covered in ice.

D.It is made entirely of gas.

Q6:6.What does the professor find most exciting about the discovery of the planet Gliese 581e?

A.It showed that some exoplanets have an atmosphere like Earth's.

B.It helped researchers better understand exoplanets'orbits.

C.It showed that the technology exists to detect small exoplanets.

D.It proved that some stars'habitable zones are larger than once thought.

四、Exoplanets托福聽力答(da)案：

A1:正確答案：C

A2:正確答案：BD

A3:正確答案：B

A4:正確答案：D

A5:正確答案：A

A6:正確答案：C

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