一、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 聽力原文：

VICTOR:Right, well, for our presentation shall I start with the early life of Thor Heyerdahl?

OLIVIA:Sure.

Why don't you begin with describing the type of boy he was, especially - his passion for collecting things.

VICTOR:That's right, he had his own little museum.

And I think it's unusual for children to develop their own values and not join in their parents' hobbies;

I’m thinking of how Heyerdahl wouldn't go hunting with his dad, for example.

OLIVIA:Yeah, he preferred to learn about nature by listening to his mother read to him.

And quite early on he knew he wanted to become an explorer when he grew up.

That came from his camping trips he went on in Norway I think...

VICTOR:No, - it was climbing that he spent his time on as a young man.

OLIVIA:Oh, right...

After university he married a classmate and together, - they decided to experience living on a small island, - to find out how harsh weather conditions shaped people's lifestyles.

VICTOR:As part of their preparation before they left home, they learnt basic survival skills tike building a shelter.

I guess they needed that knowledge in order to live wild in a remote location with few inhabitants, cut off by the sea, which is what they were aiming to do.

OLIVIA:An important part of your talk should be the radical theory Heyerdahl formed from examining mysterious ancient carvings that he happened to find on the island.

I think you should finish with that.

VICTOR:OK.

OLIVIA:All right, Victor, so after your part I'll talk about Thor Heyerdahl's adult life, continuing from the theory he had about Polynesian migration.

Up until that time of course, academics had believed that humans first migrated to the islands in Polynesia from Asia, in the west.

VICTOR:Yes,  they thought that travel from the east was impossible, because of the huge, empty stretch of ocean that lies between the islands and the nearest inhabited land.

OLIVIA:Yes, but Heyerdahl spent ages studying the cloud movements, ocean currents and wind patterns to find if it was actually possible.

And another argument was that there was no tradition of large ship-building in the communities lying to the east of Polynesia.

But Heyerdahl knew they made lots of coastal voyages in locally built canoes.

VICTOR:Yes, or sailing on rafts, as was shown by the long voyage that Heyerdahl did next.

It was an incredibly risky journey to undertake—sometimes I wonder if he did that trip for private reasons, you know?

To show others that he could have spectacular adventures.

What do you think, Olivia?

OLIVIA:Well,  I think it was more a matter of simply trying out his idea, to see if migration from the east was possible.

VICTOR:Yes, that's probably it.

And the poor guy suffered a bit at that time because the war forced him to stop his work for some years...

OLIVIA:Yes.

When he got started again and planned his epic voyage, do you think it was important to him that he achieve it before anyone else did?

VICTOR:Um, I haven't read anywhere that that was his motivation.

The most important factor seems to have been that he use only ancient techniques and local materials to build his raft.

OLIVIA:Yes.

I wonder how fast it went.

VICTOR:Well, it took them 97 days from South America to the Pacific Islands.

OLIVIA:Mm.

And after that, Heyerdahl went to Easter Island, didn't he?

We should the purpose of that trip.

I think he sailed there in a boat made out of reeds.

VICTOR:No, that was later on in Egypt, Olivia.

OLIVIA:Oh, yes, that’s right.

VICTOR:But what he wanted to do was  talk to the local people about their old stone carvings and then make one himself to learn more about the process.

OLIVIA:I see.

Well, what a great life.

Even though many of his theories have been disproven, he certainly left a lasting impression on many disciplines, didn't he?

To my mind, he was the first person to establish what modem academics call practical archaeology.

I mean, that they try to recreate something from the past today, like he did with his raft trip.

It's unfortunate that his ideas about where Polynesians originated from have been completely discredited.

VICTOR:Yes.

Right, well, I'll prepare a PowerPoint slide at the end that acknowledges our sources.

I mainly used The Life and Work of Thor Heyerdahl by William Oliver.

I thought the research methods he used were very sound,  although I must say I found the overall tone somewhat old-fashioned.

I think they need to do a new, revised edition.

OLIVIA:Yeah.

I agree.

What about the subject matter—I found it realty challenging!

VICTOR:Well, it's a complex issue...

OLIVIA:I thought the book had lots of good points.

What did you think of...

二、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 聽力中文翻譯：

維克(ke)多：好的(de)，那么(me)，在我們的(de)演講中，我應該(gai)從托爾(er)·海(hai)爾(er)達爾(er)的(de)早期生活開始(shi)嗎？

奧利維亞：當然

你為什(shen)么(me)不(bu)先描述一下他(ta)是(shi)什(shen)么(me)樣的(de)男孩，尤(you)其是(shi)他(ta)對收集(ji)東西的(de)熱情(qing)

維克(ke)多：沒錯，他有自(zi)己(ji)的(de)小博物館

我認(ren)為孩子們發展自己的價(jia)值觀(guan)而不加入父母的愛好是不尋常的；

例(li)如，我(wo)在想海爾(er)達(da)爾(er)怎么會不和他爸(ba)爸(ba)一起(qi)去打獵(lie)

奧利維(wei)亞：是的，他更喜歡(huan)聽媽(ma)媽(ma)給(gei)他朗讀，來了解(jie)大自然(ran)

他很早就知道長大后想成為一(yi)名(ming)探險(xian)家

那是他在挪威(wei)野營的(de)結果我想

維克(ke)多：不，-他年輕時花時間在爬山上

奧利維亞：哦，對了

大學畢(bi)業后，他(ta)和一位同學結婚(hun)，他(ta)們決定在一個(ge)小(xiao)島(dao)上體驗生(sheng)活(huo)，以了(le)解惡(e)劣的天(tian)氣條件(jian)是(shi)如何影響(xiang)人們的生(sheng)活(huo)方式的

維克多：作為他(ta)(ta)們離(li)家前準備工作的一部分，他(ta)(ta)們學習了基本的生存技能，比如(ru)建造庇護所

我想(xiang)他們需(xu)要這(zhe)些知(zhi)識，才(cai)能在一個遠離大海(hai)、人煙稀少(shao)的偏(pian)遠地區野外生活，這(zhe)正是他們的目標

奧利(li)維亞(ya)：你演講的(de)(de)一(yi)個重要部分應該是海爾達爾通(tong)過研(yan)究他(ta)碰巧在島上發現的(de)(de)神(shen)秘(mi)古代(dai)雕刻而(er)形(xing)成的(de)(de)激進理論

我想你應該把它做完

維克多：好的

奧(ao)利維(wei)亞：好吧，維(wei)克多，在你演完這一角色后，我將繼續(xu)討論(lun)托爾·海(hai)爾達爾的成年(nian)生活，繼續(xu)他(ta)關(guan)于波利尼西亞移民的理論(lun)

當然，在此(ci)之前，學者們一直(zhi)認為，人類首先是(shi)從西方的(de)(de)亞洲遷徙到波利(li)尼西亞群島(dao)的(de)(de)

維克(ke)多：是的(de)，他們認為從東(dong)方旅行是不可(ke)能的(de)，因為島嶼和最(zui)近(jin)有(you)人居住的(de)土地之間有(you)一(yi)大(da)片空曠的(de)海洋(yang)

奧利維亞：是的，但海爾(er)達爾(er)花了很長時間研究(jiu)云層運動(dong)、洋流和風的模式，以發現這是否(fou)真(zhen)的可能(neng)

另一(yi)個論點是，波(bo)利(li)尼西亞(ya)東部的(de)社(she)區(qu)沒有建造大型船只的(de)傳(chuan)統

但(dan)海爾達爾知(zhi)道(dao)，他們(men)經常乘(cheng)坐當地制造的獨木舟進行沿海航行

維克多：是(shi)的(de)，或(huo)者像(xiang)海爾達(da)爾接下(xia)來(lai)的(de)長途(tu)航行所顯(xian)示的(de)那樣，乘木(mu)筏航行

這(zhe)是(shi)一(yi)次極(ji)其冒險的(de)旅(lv)行，有時我(wo)想知道他是(shi)不是(shi)出于私人(ren)原因，你知道嗎(ma)？

向其他人展示他可以進行精彩(cai)的冒(mao)險

你覺(jue)得怎(zen)么樣，奧(ao)利維亞？

奧利維亞：嗯，我(wo)認為這(zhe)更簡單的是嘗試他的想法，看(kan)(kan)看(kan)(kan)是否(fou)有(you)可能(neng)從東方移民過來(lai)

維(wei)克多(duo)：是的(de)，可能就是這樣

那(nei)個(ge)可憐的家伙當(dang)時也有點痛苦，因為戰爭迫使他停止工作幾年

奧利維亞：是的

當他(ta)(ta)重新開始并計劃他(ta)(ta)的(de)(de)史(shi)詩(shi)般的(de)(de)航行時，你認為他(ta)(ta)比其他(ta)(ta)人更(geng)早實現這一(yi)目(mu)標對他(ta)(ta)來說重要(yao)嗎？

維克多：嗯，我沒有讀到任何地方(fang)說那是他(ta)的(de)動機

最重要的因素(su)似乎是他只使用古代技術和當地材料(liao)來建造(zao)他的木筏

奧利維亞：是的

我想知道它(ta)跑得有多快

維克(ke)多：嗯，他們從南美洲到(dao)太平洋島嶼花了97天的時(shi)間

奧利維亞：嗯

之(zhi)后，海爾達爾去了復活節島(dao)，不是(shi)嗎？

我(wo)們應該知道那次旅行的目的

我想(xiang)他是坐著蘆(lu)葦做的(de)船去的(de)

維克多：不，那是后來在埃(ai)及發生(sheng)的事，奧利維亞

奧(ao)利維亞(ya)：哦(e)，是的，沒(mei)錯

維(wei)克多(duo)：但他(ta)想做的是和當地人談(tan)談(tan)他(ta)們的舊石雕(diao)，然后自己(ji)制作(zuo)一個，以(yi)了(le)解更多(duo)的工藝

奧利維亞：我明白了

哦，多么美好的生(sheng)活啊

盡管他(ta)的許多理論都(dou)被推翻(fan)了，但他(ta)確實在許多學科上(shang)留(liu)下了持久(jiu)的印象，不是嗎？

在我看(kan)來，他是第一個建(jian)立現代學術界稱之為實用考古(gu)學的人

我的意思(si)是，他們(men)試(shi)圖(tu)重現今天的過去(qu)，就像他在木筏旅行中(zhong)所(suo)做的那(nei)樣

不幸的是，他關于波利尼西亞人起源于何處的想法已經完全失信了

維克多：是的

好吧，我(wo)會(hui)在最后準備一(yi)張PowerPoint幻燈片，感謝我(wo)們(men)的消息(xi)來源

我(wo)主要使用(yong)威廉·奧利弗的(de)《托爾(er)·海爾(er)達(da)爾(er)的(de)生(sheng)活和作品》

我認為他使用的研究(jiu)方法非常合理(li)，盡管我必須說，我發現總體基調(diao)有(you)些過時(shi)

我(wo)認為(wei)他們需要做一個新(xin)的修訂版

奧利維亞：是的

我同意

那主(zhu)題呢？我(wo)發現(xian)它很有挑戰(zhan)性！

維克多：嗯，這(zhe)是一個復(fu)雜的問題

奧利(li)維亞：我覺(jue)得(de)這本書有很多優點

你覺得

三、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 聽力問題：

Question 21-22

Choose TWO letters, A-E.

Which TWO hobbies was Thor Heyerdahl very interested in as a youth?

A. camping

B. climbing

C. collecting

D. hunting

E. reading

Question 23-24

Choose TWO letters, A-E.

Which do the speakers say are the TWO reasons why Heyerdahl went to live on an island?

A. to examine ancient carvings

B. to experience an isolated place

C. to formulate a new theory

D. to learn survival skills

E. to study the impact of an extreme environment

Question 25-30

Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.

25.According to Victor and Olivia, academics thought that Polynesian migration from the east was impossible due to

A. the fact that Eastern countries were far away.

B. the lack of materials for boat building.

C. the direction of the winds and currents.

26.Which do the speakers agree was the main reason for Heyerdahl’s raft journey?

A. to overcome a research setback

B. to demonstrate a personal quality

C. to test a new theory

27.What was most important to Heyerdahl about his raft journey?

A. the fact that he was the first person to do it

B. the speed of crossing the Pacific

C. the use of authentic construction methods

28.Why did Heyerdahl go to Easter Island?

A. to build a stone statue

B. to sail a reed boat

C. to learn the local language

29.In Olivia’s opinion, Heyerdahl’s greatest influence was on

A. theories about Polynesian origins.

B. the development of archaeological methodology.

C. establishing archaeology as an academic subject.

30.Which criticism do the speakers make of William Oliver's textbook?

A. Its style is out of date.

B. Its content is over-simplified.

C. Its methodology is flawed.

四、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 聽力答案：

21.B

22.C

23.B

24.E

25.A

26.C

27.C

28.A

29.B

30.A

五、The Later Life of Thor Heyerdahl 聽力答案解析

25. A　本題最容易錯(cuo)選成C 選項the direction of the winds and currents，因為聽到原(yuan)文很清(qing)晰地(di)讀出(chu)ocean currents，但這(zhe)不(bu)是(shi)學術界的觀點

Heyerdahl 花時間研究(jiu)了云層運(yun)動(dong)、洋流和風的運(yun)動(dong)模式之后，他覺得從西方到東方是可能(neng)的但學術(shu)界認為根本不可能(neng)，因(yin)為because of the huge,

empty stretch（延伸；鴻溝）of ocean that lies between the islands，而本題要選(xuan)的正是為(wei)什么學術界認(ren)為(wei)不可能，因此答案(an)選(xuan)A至于B 選(xuan)項，后

文(wen)雖然提到another argument（另外一個爭論）...no tradition of large shipbuilding（沒(mei)(mei)有大型造船傳統），但B 選項的(de)(de)(de)意思(si)是沒(mei)(mei)有材(cai)料(liao)造船，屬(shu)于偷換原(yuan)文(wen)的(de)(de)(de)概念，同時原(yuan)文(wen)后來也(ye)提到Heyerdahl 其實是通(tong)過(guo)劃(hua)raft/canoe（獨木(mu)舟）最后到達了東方因此B 也(ye)是錯(cuo)誤的(de)(de)(de)選項

26. C　首先(xian)需要明(ming)確本題選(xuan)擇的(de)是Oliva 的(de)觀(guan)點(dian)，而原(yuan)(yuan)文(wen)中提到的(de)To show others that he could have spectacular adventures. 是Victor 的(de)觀(guan)點(dian)，所以不能選(xuan)B較難區分的(de)是選(xuan)項(xiang)A to overcome a research setback 和C 選(xuan)項(xiang)to test a new theory注意(yi)原(yuan)(yuan)文(wen)的(de)用詞是simply trying out his idea，即嘗試(shi)一(yi)下、檢驗(yan)一(yi)下，因此(ci)答案為CA 選(xuan)項(xiang)的(de)意(yi)思(si)是克(ke)服研(yan)究的(de)失敗，與simply try 的(de)意(yi)思(si)不一(yi)致

27. C　雖(sui)然原文一開始(shi)提到(dao)了he achieve it before anyone else did，但很快被后(hou)文的(de)I haven’t read anywhere that that was his motivation（我還沒有(you)讀到(dao)驅使他(ta)做這件事(shi)的(de)原因(yin)）否(fou)定，這說明“成為第一人”對于(yu)Heyerdahl 來(lai)說并不重要(yao)(yao)，因(yin)此A 為錯誤選項后(hou)文接(jie)著提到(dao)The most important factor seems to have been that he use only ancient techniques and local materials to build his raft.（最(zui)重要(yao)(yao)的(de)是(shi)他(ta)僅僅使用古老(lao)的(de)技術和當地的(de)材料來(lai)建造他(ta)的(de)獨木(mu)舟），所以C 為正確選項后(hou)面說的(de)I wonder how fast it went 只是(shi)對這個問題的(de)延伸，屬于(yu)干擾信息，所以B 也是(shi)錯誤選項

28. A　本(ben)題很容易誤選(xuan)B 選(xuan)項to sail a reed boat，因為(wei)原文首先清(qing)楚(chu)地提到we should mention the purpose（目的(de)(de)）of that trip 后(hou)，接著(zhu)(zhu)緊跟了一(yi)句I think he sailed（航行）there in a boat made out of reeds（蘆葦），但(dan)這(zhe)并不(bu)是(shi)Heyerdahl 去(qu)東(dong)方島嶼的(de)(de)原因，這(zhe)只是(shi)Olivia 補充的(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)信息再接著(zhu)(zhu)后(hou)面有(you)一(yi)個(ge)清(qing)楚(chu)的(de)(de)轉折詞but，并且還有(you)一(yi)個(ge)表示意愿的(de)(de)短語(yu)(yu)what he wanted to do...，那么此處便是(shi)回(hui)答(da)了題目中(zhong)why 的(de)(de)部分再看原文他與當(dang)地人的(de)(de)交談(tan)，其(qi)實是(shi)為(wei)了自己也能(neng)動手(shou)建(jian)一(yi)個(ge)stone carvings（石雕），而不(bu)是(shi)為(wei)了學習當(dang)地的(de)(de)語(yu)(yu)言，因此C 也是(shi)錯誤選(xuan)項

29. B　首先(xian)注意(yi)到(dao)even though 表(biao)示(shi)盡(jin)管，所以(yi)(yi)這部分并不是(shi)說(shuo)話者想(xiang)要表(biao)達的(de)重點當聽到(dao)he certainly left a lasting impression on many disciplines（注意(yi)discipline 在此處表(biao)示(shi)學(xue)科(ke)），didn’t he? To my mind, he was the first person to establish what modern academics call practical archaeology，明確了他是(shi)建立現(xian)代學(xue)術(shu)界稱之為“實(shi)踐考古(gu)(gu)學(xue)”的(de)第一人因(yin)此是(shi)Heyerdahl 發展了考古(gu)(gu)學(xue)這門學(xue)科(ke)，而不是(shi)他把考古(gu)(gu)學(xue)創建為一門學(xue)術(shu)學(xue)科(ke)，所以(yi)(yi)答案選(xuan)B，其中(zhong)methodology 表(biao)示(shi)方法論選(xuan)項C 為干擾項盡(jin)管后(hou)面(mian)還提到(dao)了his ideas about where Polynesians originated from...，但不能(neng)選(xuan)A，因(yin)為這句話前面(mian)先(xian)出現(xian)了unfortunately，表(biao)明說(shuo)話者對后(hou)面(mian)的(de)內容是(shi)抱有遺憾的(de)態度，同時，句末還出現(xian)了completely discredited，其中(zhong)credit 的(de)意(yi)思(si)(si)是(shi)“信用(yong)”，加上前綴dis-，即(ji)變(bian)為“不可相信”的(de)意(yi)思(si)(si)

30. A　首先明(ming)確(que)sound 作形容(rong)詞時表示“健全(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，完(wan)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)”，那么(me)C 便(bian)是(shi)錯誤(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)項，因為(wei)flawed 的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意為(wei)“有瑕(xia)疵的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)”原文(wen)中(zhong)(zhong)接(jie)著提到(dao)I found the overall tone Somewhat oldfashioned（過時的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，陳舊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)），對應A 選(xuan)項中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)out-of-date另外，這里的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)tone 表示的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)文(wen)章的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)風格，也(ye)對應A 選(xuan)項中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)style，因此選(xuan)項A 是(shi)正確(que)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)注意區分(fen)后(hou)面(mian)說的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)it’s a complex issue，it 指代的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)前(qian)面(mian)提到(dao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)subject matter（主題），結合全(quan)文(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意思，Victor 和Olivia 是(shi)在(zai)討(tao)(tao)論(lun)他們(men)要做的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)presentation 的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主題該定什么(me)好(hao)，而不(bu)是(shi)在(zai)討(tao)(tao)論(lun)本(ben)書(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)內容(rong)簡單(over-simplified) 與否，因此B 為(wei)錯誤(wu)選(xuan)項

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