目前,部分省份學位英語報名時間已出,對(dui)于(yu)英(ying)(ying)語(yu)偏弱(ruo)的(de)(de)(de)同學,很(hen)擔心自己(ji)的(de)(de)(de)學位(wei)英(ying)(ying)語(yu)應該要怎么去考,學位(wei)英(ying)(ying)語(yu)主要的(de)(de)(de)題(ti)型(xing)有閱讀理解、詞語(yu)與語(yu)法、完形填空(kong)、翻譯、寫作。下面就來看(kan)(kan)看(kan)(kan)成(cheng)人學位(wei)英(ying)(ying)語(yu)易錯題(ti)型(xing)分析,這樣(yang)(yang)同學們在做題(ti)的(de)(de)(de)時候,就不(bu)會犯(fan)同樣(yang)(yang)的(de)(de)(de)錯誤。
成考學位英語易錯題型分析
成人學(xue)位英語易錯題(ti)型分析主要是:間接引語的錯誤。
在英語里,我們可(ke)以用兩種方法(fa)轉(zhuan)述人的話語。第一(yi)種是(shi)直接引語(The Direct Speech);第二種是(shi)間接引語(The Indirect Speech),也可(ke)叫(“The Reported Speech”)。
從直接(jie)引(yin)語轉(zhuan)變為間接(jie)引(yin)語是(shi)一種表達行式(shi)的改變,不影響原意。例如(ru):
① a. He said, “I am working now.”
b. He said that he was working then.
② a. She asked me, “Do you like to sing?”
b. She asked me if I liked to sing.
③ a. “Go out!” the man said to the boy.
b. The man ordered the boy to go out.
①b,②b,③b是間接引語(yu),其形式和(he)①a,②a,③a不同。
間接引語是種常見的句法,用得很多(duo)。正因為用得多(duo),出(chu)錯的機會也多(duo)。下面便是些例子:
④ He said that he would come tomorrow.
這里的副(fu)詞”tomorrow”要變成(cheng)”the next day”。理由是:間(jian)(jian)接引語里的時間(jian)(jian)副(fu)詞或短語, 一般上要把(ba)其(qi)中的時間(jian)(jian)向前推,如:tomorrow:the next day;today: that day;last night:the night before;now:then;ago:before that time等。
⑤ I asked what is wrong with him.
這里的”is”要(yao)變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)”was”。須知(zhi):主句(ju)(ju)”I asked”和分(fen)句(ju)(ju)”what is wrong with him”的動詞時(shi)態(tai)(tai)必須配(pei)合。既然主句(ju)(ju)的動詞”asked”是過去時(shi)態(tai)(tai),分(fen)句(ju)(ju)的動詞也要(yao)過去時(shi)態(tai)(tai)”was”。此(ci)(ci)外,動詞時(shi)態(tai)(tai)一般(ban)上也要(yao)推前,因(yin)此(ci)(ci)簡單過去時(shi)態(tai)(tai)(Simple Past Tense)要(yao)變(bian)成(cheng)(cheng)過去完成(cheng)(cheng)時(shi)態(tai)(tai)(Past Perfect Tense),如:went :had gone;left: had left.
⑥ John told her don’t do that again.
這里(li)的”don’t do”要變成”not to do”才對(dui)。理(li)由是:祈使句變成間接引語時的形式(shi)是不定式(shi)動詞:”to + verb / not to + verb”,如:to come / not to come;to do / not to do.
⑦ She asked me where was I going.
這里的(de)”was I”詞序(xu)不(bu)對, 要變(bian)成”I was”才是,因為(wei)間接(jie)疑問句(indirect question)里的(de)詞序(xu)和敘述(shu)句一樣(yang),是正常(chang)詞序(xu),不(bu)是倒裝法,如(ru):
⑧ He wanted to know who that girl was.
⑨ John asked Helen if she was free.
⑩ She asked me whether I could help her.
如果(guo)詞序是倒(dao)裝(zhuang)形式,就錯了(le):
…who was that girl.
…if was she free.
…whether could I help her.
關于間接(jie)疑(yi)(yi)問句,還有(you)一點必須(xu)注意(yi)的是(shi),直接(jie)疑(yi)(yi)問句里的疑(yi)(yi)問詞(ci)要(yao)照(zhao)用(yong), 如例⑧的”who”。如果沒有(you)疑(yi)(yi)問詞(ci),就要(yao)借重連接(jie)詞(ci)”if”或”whether”之助,如例⑨和⑩便(bian)是(shi)。
18~23周歲
24~32周歲
33~40周歲
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