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　　近日，教育(yu)部(bu)、國家發(fa)展改革委、財(cai)政(zheng)部(bu)等九(jiu)部(bu)門(men)聯合印(yin)發(fa)了(le)《“十四(si)五”縣域(yu)普(pu)通高中發(fa)展提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)行動計劃》(以下(xia)簡稱縣中提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)計劃)，教育(yu)部(bu)基礎教育(yu)司負責人就有關問題回答了(le)記(ji)者提(ti)(ti)問。

　　1.請介紹一下制定實施“縣中提升計劃”的背景？

　　答：黨中(zhong)(zhong)央、國(guo)務院高(gao)度重視(shi)普通(tong)(tong)高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)教育(yu)工(gong)作(zuo)，黨的(de)十九屆五中(zhong)(zhong)全(quan)會明確(que)提(ti)出(chu)“到(dao)2025年(nian)高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)階段教育(yu)毛(mao)入學率提(ti)高(gao)到(dao)92%以(yi)上”，2021年(nian)《政(zheng)府工(gong)作(zuo)報告》提(ti)出(chu)“加強縣(xian)(xian)域(yu)高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)設”。我國(guo)縣(xian)(xian)域(yu)普通(tong)(tong)高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)(縣(xian)(xian)、縣(xian)(xian)級(ji)市舉辦的(de)普通(tong)(tong)高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)，以(yi)下簡(jian)稱縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong))規模超(chao)過全(quan)國(guo)普通(tong)(tong)高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)學校總(zong)數一半，是縣(xian)(xian)域(yu)基礎教育(yu)的(de)龍頭，辦好縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)對(dui)鞏固提(ti)高(gao)高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)階段教育(yu)普及水(shui)平，帶動(dong)縣(xian)(xian)域(yu)義務教育(yu)優質均衡發展(zhan)(zhan)，服務國(guo)家(jia)鄉(xiang)村振興和人才發展(zhan)(zhan)戰略，具有重大(da)意義。

　　黨的(de)十八大(da)(da)以來，國(guo)家通過實施高中階段(duan)教(jiao)育(yu)普及攻堅計(ji)劃，到(dao)2020年如期實現(xian)了全國(guo)高中階段(duan)教(jiao)育(yu)毛入(ru)學(xue)率達到(dao)90%以上的(de)目(mu)標，縣中辦學(xue)資源得(de)到(dao)顯著擴大(da)(da)。但(dan)是，目(mu)前一些地方縣中發展還(huan)存(cun)在生(sheng)源和教(jiao)師流(liu)失比較嚴重、基礎(chu)條(tiao)件相對(dui)薄弱、教(jiao)育(yu)質量(liang)有待提高等突出問題(ti)，特別是適應高考綜(zong)合(he)改革實施選課(ke)走(zou)班(ban)，縣中辦學(xue)資源不足問題(ti)更加(jia)突出，迫切需要加(jia)大(da)(da)扶持力(li)度，整體提升縣中辦學(xue)水平。

　　2.實施“縣中提升計劃”是一項系統工程，需要統籌設計，請談一談計劃實施的總體思路是什么？

　　答：實(shi)施“縣(xian)中(zhong)提(ti)升計劃(hua)(hua)”的(de)(de)總(zong)體(ti)思路是：以習近平新時代(dai)(dai)中(zhong)國特色(se)社(she)會主義思想為(wei)(wei)指導，深入貫(guan)(guan)徹(che)黨的(de)(de)十九屆(jie)五(wu)中(zhong)全會精神，全面貫(guan)(guan)徹(che)黨的(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)方針(zhen)，圍(wei)繞建(jian)設(she)高(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)量教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)體(ti)系核心任(ren)務，按照“堅持源頭治理、強化政府(fu)責任(ren)、促進(jin)協(xie)調發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)、深化教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學改革(ge)”的(de)(de)工作(zuo)原則，統籌謀劃(hua)(hua)市域內縣(xian)中(zhong)和城(cheng)區普通高(gao)中(zhong)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)，進(jin)一步健全縣(xian)中(zhong)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)提(ti)升保障機制，規范普通高(gao)中(zhong)招生秩序，深化學校教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學改革(ge)，著力(li)解決縣(xian)中(zhong)優(you)(you)質(zhi)(zhi)生源和優(you)(you)秀教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師過(guo)度(du)流失(shi)問題(ti)，積(ji)極改善縣(xian)中(zhong)辦學條件，推動全面提(ti)高(gao)縣(xian)中(zhong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)質(zhi)(zhi)量，加快縮小教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)差(cha)距，辦好人民滿意(yi)的(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)，為(wei)(wei)實(shi)現教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)現代(dai)(dai)化、建(jian)成教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)強國奠定基礎，努(nu)力(li)培養能夠擔當(dang)民族復興大任(ren)的(de)(de)時代(dai)(dai)新人。

　　3.“縣中提升計劃”的主要目標和重點任務是什么？

　　答：“縣(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)提升計劃”提出(chu)了1項總體目(mu)標(biao)和5個(ge)具體目(mu)標(biao)。總體目(mu)標(biao)是(shi)：到(dao)(dao)2025年(nian)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)整(zheng)體辦(ban)(ban)學(xue)水(shui)平顯(xian)著(zhu)提升，市域(yu)內(nei)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)和城(cheng)區普通(tong)高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)協調發(fa)展機(ji)制基(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)健全，統籌普通(tong)高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)和中(zhong)(zhong)等職業(ye)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)發(fa)展，推(tui)動高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)階段教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)毛入(ru)學(xue)率達到(dao)(dao)92%以上(shang)。具體目(mu)標(biao)是(shi)：一是(shi)公民辦(ban)(ban)普通(tong)高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)招生(sheng)全面規(gui)范，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)源流失現象得到(dao)(dao)根本(ben)(ben)扭轉；二是(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)師補充激勵機(ji)制基(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)健全，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)校長和教(jiao)(jiao)師隊伍建設明顯(xian)加強；三是(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)經費投入(ru)機(ji)制基(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)健全，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)辦(ban)(ban)學(xue)經費得到(dao)(dao)切(qie)實(shi)保障；四是(shi)薄弱(ruo)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)辦(ban)(ban)學(xue)條件基(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)改善(shan)，學(xue)校建設基(ji)(ji)(ji)本(ben)(ben)實(shi)現標(biao)準化；五是(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)改革進一步(bu)深化，縣(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)質量顯(xian)著(zhu)提高(gao)。

　　圍繞落實(shi)(shi)主要目(mu)標，“縣(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)提(ti)升計(ji)劃”提(ti)出了(le)四項重點任務(wu)。一是(shi)深(shen)化招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)管理(li)改革。要求(qiu)各(ge)地全面(mian)推進(jin)基于初中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)學(xue)(xue)業水(shui)平考試成績、結合綜合素(su)質(zhi)評價(jia)(jia)考試招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)錄取模(mo)式，著力(li)構(gou)建規(gui)范有(you)(you)序(xu)和監督有(you)(you)力(li)的招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)機(ji)制(zhi)，堅決(jue)杜絕違規(gui)跨區域掐尖招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)，防(fang)止縣(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)過(guo)度流(liu)失(shi)(shi)，維護良好教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育生(sheng)(sheng)態。二是(shi)加強(qiang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師隊伍建設。要求(qiu)各(ge)地促進(jin)優(you)秀(xiu)人才合理(li)流(liu)動，防(fang)止縣(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)優(you)秀(xiu)人才流(liu)失(shi)(shi)；加大(da)(da)縣(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師補(bu)充(chong)力(li)度，優(you)化教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師資源(yuan)配置，加強(qiang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師培訓(xun)，保障教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師待(dai)遇(yu)，努力(li)建設一支數(shu)量(liang)(liang)充(chong)足、結構(gou)合理(li)、素(su)質(zhi)優(you)良、相對(dui)穩定(ding)的縣(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師隊伍。三是(shi)改善辦學(xue)(xue)薄弱(ruo)環節。要求(qiu)各(ge)地加強(qiang)縣(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)標準化建設，全面(mian)化解大(da)(da)班額(e)，有(you)(you)效(xiao)控(kong)制(zhi)大(da)(da)規(gui)模(mo)學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)；加強(qiang)學(xue)(xue)科教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)室、創新實(shi)(shi)驗室、實(shi)(shi)驗設備與信息化教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)條件(jian)建設；加強(qiang)學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)文化建設，改善學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)食宿(su)衛生(sheng)(sheng)等生(sheng)(sheng)活條件(jian)。四是(shi)提(ti)高教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)。要求(qiu)各(ge)地深(shen)化課程教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)改革，大(da)(da)力(li)推進(jin)優(you)秀(xiu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)成果應用(yong)，完善選課走班、綜合素(su)質(zhi)評價(jia)(jia)和學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)發展指導，充(chong)分利(li)用(yong)農業農村資源(yuan)，加強(qiang)勞動教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育和綜合實(shi)(shi)踐活動，形成具有(you)(you)鮮(xian)明縣(xian)域特色的普通高中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)育人模(mo)式。

　　4.“縣中提升計劃”采取哪些措施防止縣中生源流失？

　　答：按(an)照中(zhong)央有關部署(shu)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)，在2021年招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)工作中(zhong)，教(jiao)(jiao)育部指導各地(di)大力推進普(pu)通高(gao)中(zhong)公(gong)(gong)民(min)同招(zhao)和(he)(he)屬地(di)招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)政策(ce)，著力構建(jian)規范有序和(he)(he)監督有力的(de)招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)機制，積(ji)極促進城(cheng)鄉教(jiao)(jiao)育公(gong)(gong)平發展。為堅決(jue)遏制縣中(zhong)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)源(yuan)流(liu)失，這次“縣中(zhong)提(ti)(ti)升計劃(hua)(hua)”主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)從三(san)個方面進一步對(dui)加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管理(li)工作提(ti)(ti)出了要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)：一是明(ming)確(que)各級招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管理(li)責任(ren)(ren)，提(ti)(ti)出各地(di)要(yao)(yao)在落(luo)實(shi)縣級招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管理(li)責任(ren)(ren)的(de)基礎上，切實(shi)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)省級統籌責任(ren)(ren)和(he)(he)地(di)市主(zhu)體責任(ren)(ren)，嚴格普(pu)通高(gao)中(zhong)招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)管理(li)，全(quan)面落(luo)實(shi)公(gong)(gong)民(min)同招(zhao)和(he)(he)屬地(di)招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)政策(ce)；二(er)是強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)工作監管，要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)各地(di)全(quan)面建(jian)立地(di)市級高(gao)中(zhong)階段學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)統一招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)錄(lu)取網絡平臺，鼓(gu)勵有條件的(de)地(di)方建(jian)立省級統一招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)錄(lu)取網絡平臺，切實(shi)加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)計劃(hua)(hua)和(he)(he)錄(lu)取過程管理(li)，加(jia)大對(dui)違規招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)行為的(de)查(cha)處力度；三(san)是增加(jia)農村學(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)升學(xue)(xue)機會，提(ti)(ti)出“十四(si)五”期間高(gao)校(xiao)招(zhao)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)有關專項計劃(hua)(hua)將繼續對(dui)基礎教(jiao)(jiao)育薄弱地(di)區予以支持(chi)。

　　5.“縣中提升計劃”在加強縣中教師隊伍建設方面有哪些考慮？

　　答：為(wei)推動解決縣中(zhong)教(jiao)師總量不足以(yi)及招聘(pin)難(nan)、留(liu)不住(zhu)等問題(ti)，促進整體提升縣中(zhong)教(jiao)師隊伍素質，“縣中(zhong)提升計(ji)劃”提出了一系列(lie)政策舉措。主要包括以(yi)下幾個方面：

　　一(yi)是加(jia)大(da)縣(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)教(jiao)師(shi)補充力(li)度。要(yao)求各地(di)嚴格落實(shi)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)關(guan)于中(zhong)(zhong)小學(xue)教(jiao)職工編(bian)(bian)制標準(zhun)和統(tong)籌管理的(de)相(xiang)關(guan)規定(ding)，依照標準(zhun)條件及時補充縣(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)教(jiao)師(shi)。實(shi)施中(zhong)(zhong)西部(bu)(bu)欠(qian)發達地(di)區優(you)秀教(jiao)師(shi)定(ding)向培(pei)養計(ji)劃(hua)，加(jia)大(da)縣(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)教(jiao)師(shi)培(pei)養力(li)度。同時，要(yao)求各地(di)教(jiao)育行政(zheng)部(bu)(bu)門(men)不得擠占(zhan)縣(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)教(jiao)職工編(bian)(bian)制或長期借用縣(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)教(jiao)師(shi)，嚴禁公辦學(xue)校教(jiao)師(shi)在(zai)民辦學(xue)校任教(jiao)。

　　二是(shi)健全縣中教(jiao)(jiao)師激勵機制(zhi)。要求各地適當提高(gao)中小學中級(ji)、高(gao)級(ji)教(jiao)(jiao)師崗位比例，中高(gao)級(ji)教(jiao)(jiao)師崗位設置適當向(xiang)(xiang)縣中傾(qing)(qing)斜(xie)，合(he)理核定(ding)縣中績效工資總(zong)量，績效工資內部分配向(xiang)(xiang)優秀(xiu)人才傾(qing)(qing)斜(xie)。

　　三(san)是(shi)嚴禁(jin)搶挖(wa)(wa)縣(xian)中優秀教(jiao)(jiao)師。要求各(ge)(ge)地嚴格按照國家有關規定(ding)和(he)程(cheng)序(xu)辦理教(jiao)(jiao)師流動手續，嚴禁(jin)發達地區(qu)、城區(qu)學校(xiao)到薄弱地區(qu)、縣(xian)中搶挖(wa)(wa)優秀校(xiao)長和(he)教(jiao)(jiao)師，對(dui)未經組織人事部門和(he)教(jiao)(jiao)育行政部門同意，惡(e)意從縣(xian)中學校(xiao)搶挖(wa)(wa)人才(cai)的，停止學校(xiao)各(ge)(ge)類評優評先資格。

　　四是提(ti)高(gao)縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)隊伍素質。教(jiao)(jiao)育部(bu)組織(zhi)開展縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)校長(chang)和(he)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)骨干示范培(pei)訓，省級(ji)組織(zhi)縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)校長(chang)和(he)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)全員培(pei)訓，促進提(ti)高(gao)校長(chang)辦(ban)學治校能力和(he)教(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)育教(jiao)(jiao)學水(shui)平。同時，要求地(di)方各(ge)(ge)級(ji)教(jiao)(jiao)研(yan)部(bu)門(men)要配齊普通高(gao)中(zhong)各(ge)(ge)學科專(zhuan)職教(jiao)(jiao)研(yan)員，有針對(dui)性地(di)加強對(dui)縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)教(jiao)(jiao)育教(jiao)(jiao)學工作的研(yan)究和(he)指導(dao)。

　　6.“縣中提升計劃”提出要實施縣中托管幫扶工程，請介紹一下具體實施方式。

　　答：為充分(fen)發揮優質教育(yu)資(zi)源輻射(she)帶動作用，加快(kuai)提升縣中(zhong)辦學水平(ping)，“縣中(zhong)提升計劃”提出通過國家(jia)引導、地方支持、雙向(xiang)選擇(ze)的方式，開展多種形式的縣中(zhong)托管幫扶工作，努力使每(mei)個教育(yu)基礎薄弱縣都得(de)到支持。

　　一是明確各級托管(guan)幫(bang)(bang)扶任務(wu)。教育部(bu)依(yi)托舉辦附屬中(zhong)(zhong)學的(de)部(bu)屬高校，面(mian)向100個縣(xian)(xian)托管(guan)100所(suo)縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)，發揮示范引(yin)領作(zuo)用；按照對(dui)口(kou)支(zhi)援關系(xi)，組織東(dong)部(bu)發達地(di)區(qu)省份(fen)，面(mian)向西部(bu)10省160個國家鄉村振興重點幫(bang)(bang)扶縣(xian)(xian)開展組團式對(dui)口(kou)幫(bang)(bang)扶。同時，要求各省(區(qu)、市)要組織有條件(jian)的(de)地(di)方高校開展縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)托管(guan)幫(bang)(bang)扶工作(zuo)；地(di)市級教育行政部(bu)門要積極組織區(qu)域(yu)內(nei)優質(zhi)普通(tong)高中(zhong)(zhong)與薄弱縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)開展聯合(he)辦學、對(dui)口(kou)支(zhi)援，每所(suo)優質(zhi)普通(tong)高中(zhong)(zhong)至少托管(guan)幫(bang)(bang)扶1所(suo)薄弱縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)(zhong)。

　　二(er)是建立托(tuo)管(guan)幫(bang)扶保障(zhang)機制(zhi)。要(yao)求有關高(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)和地(di)方(fang)(fang)要(yao)協(xie)商制(zhi)定縣中(zhong)托(tuo)管(guan)幫(bang)扶工作(zuo)(zuo)實施方(fang)(fang)案，充分發(fa)揮托(tuo)管(guan)高(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)在縣中(zhong)校(xiao)(xiao)長(chang)選(xuan)配、教(jiao)師招聘、師資培訓(xun)和教(jiao)學管(guan)理(li)等方(fang)(fang)面(mian)的重要(yao)作(zuo)(zuo)用，地(di)方(fang)(fang)政府(fu)應給予積極(ji)支持和相應保障(zhang)。明確托(tuo)管(guan)高(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)要(yao)堅持教(jiao)育公(gong)益性原(yuan)則，不得收取“品牌費(fei)”，地(di)方(fang)(fang)政府(fu)可(ke)給予托(tuo)管(guan)高(gao)校(xiao)(xiao)一(yi)定管(guan)理(li)費(fei)，用于(yu)托(tuo)管(guan)工作(zuo)(zuo)有關支出(chu)。同(tong)時，按照(zhao)國家有關規定，對在托(tuo)管(guan)幫(bang)扶工作(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong)表現突出(chu)的學校(xiao)(xiao)、團隊和個(ge)人給予表彰獎勵。

　　7.“縣中提升計劃”還提出要實施縣中標準化建設工程，請介紹一下工程實施的主要措施和要求。

　　答(da)：為補齊(qi)縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)辦(ban)學(xue)(xue)條件短板、加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)縮小城鄉辦(ban)學(xue)(xue)條件差(cha)距(ju)，“縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)計劃”提(ti)出(chu)實(shi)施縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)工程，并(bing)統籌加(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)中(zhong)央和地(di)(di)方財(cai)政(zheng)投入，確保(bao)“十四五”期間(jian)如期完成(cheng)縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)。一是(shi)完善(shan)(shan)(shan)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)標(biao)準(zhun)。為更好適應高考綜合改(gai)革(ge)和普(pu)通(tong)(tong)高中(zhong)育(yu)(yu)人方式改(gai)革(ge)，滿足實(shi)施選課走需(xu)要，提(ti)出(chu)國(guo)家修訂(ding)普(pu)通(tong)(tong)中(zhong)小學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)標(biao)準(zhun)，完善(shan)(shan)(shan)普(pu)通(tong)(tong)高中(zhong)學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)要求(qiu)。二(er)是(shi)加(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)財(cai)政(zheng)投入。提(ti)出(chu)國(guo)家繼(ji)續實(shi)施改(gai)善(shan)(shan)(shan)普(pu)通(tong)(tong)高中(zhong)學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)辦(ban)學(xue)(xue)條件項目，重點支持改(gai)善(shan)(shan)(shan)縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)基(ji)本辦(ban)學(xue)(xue)條件。同時，要求(qiu)各(ge)省(區、市)要指導市縣(xian)(xian)“一校(xiao)一案”制訂(ding)本地(di)(di)縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)標(biao)準(zhun)化(hua)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)工程實(shi)施方案，切實(shi)加(jia)(jia)大(da)(da)地(di)(di)方財(cai)政(zheng)投入，并(bing)嚴格學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)經費(fei)管理，嚴禁超標(biao)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)豪華學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)。三(san)是(shi)擴大(da)(da)教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)資源(yuan)。要求(qiu)在(zai)常住人口5萬人以上(shang)或初中(zhong)畢(bi)業生2000人以上(shang)的縣(xian)(xian)，原則上(shang)應建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)1所普(pu)通(tong)(tong)高中(zhong)。四是(shi)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)信息(xi)(xi)化(hua)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)。要求(qiu)各(ge)地(di)(di)實(shi)現(xian)縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)網(wang)絡聯接全覆蓋，完善(shan)(shan)(shan)線上(shang)教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)教(jiao)學(xue)(xue)資源(yuan)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)與應用保(bao)障體系，加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)信息(xi)(xi)化(hua)水平，更好促進(jin)優質教(jiao)育(yu)(yu)資源(yuan)共享(xiang)。

　　8.如何加快消除大班額和有效控制大規模學校？

　　答：近(jin)年來，各(ge)地綜(zong)合(he)實(shi)施高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)階段(duan)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)普(pu)及(ji)(ji)攻(gong)堅計(ji)劃(hua)，在化(hua)解大(da)(da)班(ban)額方(fang)(fang)面(mian)取得(de)了(le)顯著(zhu)成(cheng)效(xiao)，2020年全國普(pu)通(tong)高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)班(ban)額比(bi)例(li)為9.45%，比(bi)2017年下降了(le)近(jin)21個百(bai)分點(dian)，但中(zhong)(zhong)西部地區大(da)(da)班(ban)額比(bi)例(li)仍高(gao)于全國平均水平，部分地方(fang)(fang)還(huan)存在大(da)(da)規(gui)模(mo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)問(wen)題，直接影響了(le)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)質量(liang)，也不利(li)于學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)管理和學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)身心(xin)健康。對此，“縣中(zhong)(zhong)提升計(ji)劃(hua)”進一步提出了(le)工作目標和要求，一是(shi)加大(da)(da)消除普(pu)通(tong)高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)大(da)(da)班(ban)額專(zhuan)項規(gui)劃(hua)實(shi)施力度，全面(mian)消除56人(ren)及(ji)(ji)以上大(da)(da)班(ban)額，普(pu)通(tong)高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)新(xin)入(ru)學(xue)(xue)(xue)年級班(ban)額不得(de)超(chao)過(guo)55人(ren)。二是(shi)對現(xian)有的(de)大(da)(da)規(gui)模(mo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)，各(ge)地要結合(he)實(shi)際(ji)制訂(ding)規(gui)模(mo)壓減實(shi)施方(fang)(fang)案，積極(ji)穩妥化(hua)解大(da)(da)規(gui)模(mo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)，并(bing)隨著(zhu)辦學(xue)(xue)(xue)規(gui)模(mo)調(diao)整，優化(hua)校(xiao)舍資源配置和功能結構，有效(xiao)改善教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)條件和學(xue)(xue)(xue)習生(sheng)活環境(jing)；嚴禁(jin)隨意撤并(bing)縣中(zhong)(zhong)，新(xin)建普(pu)通(tong)高(gao)中(zhong)(zhong)規(gui)模(mo)不得(de)超(chao)過(guo)3000人(ren)，防止出現(xian)新(xin)的(de)大(da)(da)規(gui)模(mo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)。

　　9.“縣中提升計劃”在提高縣中經費投入水平方面提出了哪些政策要求？

　　答：針(zhen)對部分地(di)(di)方存在的縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)教育經(jing)費(fei)(fei)投入(ru)水平總體偏低，普通高中(zhong)生(sheng)均(jun)公(gong)用(yong)(yong)經(jing)費(fei)(fei)撥款制度(du)落實不(bu)到(dao)位等問題，“縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)提(ti)(ti)升(sheng)計劃”有針(zhen)對性(xing)地(di)(di)提(ti)(ti)出了(le)保(bao)障(zhang)措施。一是提(ti)(ti)高縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)投入(ru)水平。要(yao)求各地(di)(di)要(yao)進(jin)一步加(jia)大普通高中(zhong)教育投入(ru)力度(du)，并向(xiang)縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)傾(qing)斜。二是健全(quan)經(jing)費(fei)(fei)投入(ru)機(ji)制。要(yao)求各省(區(qu)、市(shi))科學(xue)(xue)(xue)核定普通高中(zhong)辦學(xue)(xue)(xue)成本，適(shi)應(ying)經(jing)濟社會(hui)發展水平，建(jian)立完善(shan)生(sheng)均(jun)公(gong)用(yong)(yong)經(jing)費(fei)(fei)標準(zhun)和學(xue)(xue)(xue)費(fei)(fei)標準(zhun)定期動態調整(zheng)機(ji)制，適(shi)時(shi)提(ti)(ti)高普通高中(zhong)生(sheng)均(jun)公(gong)用(yong)(yong)經(jing)費(fei)(fei)水平，省、市(shi)兩(liang)級要(yao)加(jia)大對欠發達縣(xian)(xian)區(qu)經(jing)費(fei)(fei)投入(ru)，確(que)保(bao)縣(xian)(xian)中(zhong)生(sheng)均(jun)公(gong)用(yong)(yong)經(jing)費(fei)(fei)足額撥付到(dao)校(xiao)。三是落實貧困(kun)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)資助政策。繼續實施好國家助學(xue)(xue)(xue)金(jin)和免學(xue)(xue)(xue)雜費(fei)(fei)政策，確(que)保(bao)家庭經(jing)濟困(kun)難學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)順(shun)利完成學(xue)(xue)(xue)業。

　　10. 如何保障“縣中提升計劃”各項目標、任務和措施落實到位？

　　答：為保障各項目標(biao)、任務和(he)措(cuo)施(shi)落(luo)到實處，“縣(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)提(ti)升(sheng)計劃(hua)”從堅持黨的(de)(de)全(quan)面領導、明(ming)確(que)部(bu)門職責(ze)分(fen)工(gong)(gong)、強(qiang)化督(du)導考核(he)評價、大(da)力(li)(li)營造良好環境等方(fang)面提(ti)出了明(ming)確(que)要求(qiu)(qiu)。一是(shi)要求(qiu)(qiu)各地把(ba)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)提(ti)升(sheng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)作(zuo)為推進區域教育(yu)現代化的(de)(de)重大(da)舉(ju)措(cuo)，認真研究制定本(ben)地縣(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)提(ti)升(sheng)行動計劃(hua)，明(ming)確(que)省市(shi)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)責(ze)任，細化政策(ce)措(cuo)施(shi)。二(er)是(shi)明(ming)確(que)了各地教育(yu)、發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)改革、財政、人力(li)(li)資源社會保障、自然資源、住房(fang)和(he)城鄉建(jian)設等部(bu)門的(de)(de)責(ze)任和(he)分(fen)工(gong)(gong)，努力(li)(li)形成工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)合力(li)(li)。三(san)是(shi)把(ba)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)提(ti)升(sheng)情(qing)況(kuang)作(zuo)為對(dui)地方(fang)各級人民(min)政府履行教育(yu)職責(ze)督(du)導評價的(de)(de)重要內容，建(jian)立縣(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)提(ti)升(sheng)情(qing)況(kuang)跟(gen)蹤督(du)導機(ji)制，國家開展(zhan)(zhan)普通高中(zhong)教育(yu)質量監(jian)測試(shi)點(dian)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，定期發(fa)(fa)布監(jian)測報(bao)告。四是(shi)要求(qiu)(qiu)各地加大(da)對(dui)縣(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)提(ti)升(sheng)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)宣(xuan)傳力(li)(li)度，及時總結宣(xuan)傳縣(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)提(ti)升(sheng)的(de)(de)典型經驗和(he)有(you)益做(zuo)法(fa)，大(da)力(li)(li)營造縣(xian)(xian)(xian)中(zhong)持續健康協調發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)良好氛(fen)圍。