我國(guo)(guo)義(yi)務(wu)(wu)(wu)教育(yu)階段現有20.7萬(wan)所(suo)(suo)學校、1.58億(yi)名(ming)學生、1057萬(wan)名(ming)教師,辦好義(yi)務(wu)(wu)(wu)教育(yu)事(shi)(shi)關億(yi)萬(wan)少年兒童(tong)健康成長,事(shi)(shi)關國(guo)(guo)家發(fa)展(zhan)和民(min)(min)族未來。黨的十八大以來,在以習近平(ping)同志為核(he)心的黨中央堅(jian)強領(ling)導(dao)下,我國(guo)(guo)義(yi)務(wu)(wu)(wu)教育(yu)認真踐行為黨育(yu)人(ren)、為國(guo)(guo)育(yu)才(cai)崇高使(shi)命,以均(jun)衡發(fa)展(zhan)為戰略任務(wu)(wu)(wu),以促進公平(ping)和提(ti)高質量為工作(zuo)重點(dian),圍繞(rao)服務(wu)(wu)(wu)國(guo)(guo)家戰略需(xu)要,聚焦人(ren)民(min)(min)群眾(zhong)所(suo)(suo)急(ji)所(suo)(suo)需(xu)所(suo)(suo)盼,不斷(duan)完善政策保障(zhang)體系(xi),改革創新(xin)、攻堅(jian)克難(nan),努力滿足人(ren)民(min)(min)群眾(zhong)從(cong)“有學上(shang)”到“上(shang)好學”的美好期(qi)盼。從(cong)2012—2021年,我國(guo)(guo)義(yi)務(wu)(wu)(wu)教育(yu)在實現全面普及的基(ji)礎上(shang),僅(jin)用10年左(zuo)右時間實現了縣(xian)域基(ji)本(ben)均(jun)衡發(fa)展(zhan),成為我國(guo)(guo)義(yi)務(wu)(wu)(wu)教育(yu)發(fa)展(zhan)史上(shang)又(you)一個新(xin)的里程碑。
一、堅持優先發展,義務教育重中之重地位凸顯
黨中(zhong)(zhong)央、國(guo)(guo)務(wu)(wu)院(yuan)(yuan)高(gao)度重(zhong)(zhong)視義(yi)(yi)務(wu)(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)。十(shi)年(nian)來,習(xi)近(jin)平總書記多次對義(yi)(yi)務(wu)(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)改革發(fa)展作出(chu)重(zhong)(zhong)要指示(shi)批示(shi)。黨中(zhong)(zhong)央、國(guo)(guo)務(wu)(wu)院(yuan)(yuan)對辦好義(yi)(yi)務(wu)(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)作出(chu)全面系(xi)統部署,先后出(chu)臺《國(guo)(guo)務(wu)(wu)院(yuan)(yuan)關(guan)(guan)于統籌推進(jin)縣(xian)域內城(cheng)鄉義(yi)(yi)務(wu)(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)一(yi)體化改革發(fa)展的(de)若干意見》《中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)央 國(guo)(guo)務(wu)(wu)院(yuan)(yuan)關(guan)(guan)于深(shen)化教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)改革全面提高(gao)義(yi)(yi)務(wu)(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)質量(liang)的(de)意見》《中(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)央辦公廳(ting) 國(guo)(guo)務(wu)(wu)院(yuan)(yuan)辦公廳(ting)關(guan)(guan)于進(jin)一(yi)步減輕義(yi)(yi)務(wu)(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)階段學(xue)生(sheng)作業(ye)負(fu)擔和校外培訓負(fu)擔的(de)意見》等系(xi)列重(zhong)(zhong)要文件,并(bing)從布(bu)局(ju)規(gui)劃(hua)、學(xue)校建設、經(jing)費投入(ru)、教(jiao)(jiao)師隊伍、學(xue)校管理、質量(liang)評價等方面完(wan)善義(yi)(yi)務(wu)(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)政(zheng)(zheng)策保(bao)(bao)障體系(xi)。經(jing)濟社會(hui)(hui)發(fa)展規(gui)劃(hua)、財政(zheng)(zheng)資(zi)金(jin)投入(ru)、公共(gong)資(zi)源(yuan)配置等優先保(bao)(bao)障義(yi)(yi)務(wu)(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu),2012—2021年(nian)財政(zheng)(zheng)性義(yi)(yi)務(wu)(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)經(jing)費從1.17萬億元(yuan)增加(jia)到2.29萬億元(yuan),占國(guo)(guo)家財政(zheng)(zheng)性教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)經(jing)費投入(ru)的(de)比例始(shi)終保(bao)(bao)持(chi)在50%以上(shang)(shang)。省、市(shi)、縣(xian)各級黨政(zheng)(zheng)主(zhu)要負(fu)責同志親自抓義(yi)(yi)務(wu)(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)工(gong)作,形成上(shang)(shang)下聯(lian)動、穩(wen)扎(zha)穩(wen)打工(gong)作格(ge)局(ju),全社會(hui)(hui)重(zhong)(zhong)視和支持(chi)義(yi)(yi)務(wu)(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)的(de)良好氛圍(wei)更加(jia)濃厚(hou)。
二、鞏固普及水平,全面實現義務教育有保障
保(bao)障適齡(ling)(ling)兒(er)童(tong)少年(nian)平等接受義(yi)務(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu),是(shi)《義(yi)務(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)法》的(de)法定要求(qiu)。教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)部(bu)認(ren)真落實(shi)(shi)(shi)脫貧(pin)攻堅重大政(zheng)治任務(wu),聚焦(jiao)義(yi)務(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)有保(bao)障,健全控輟(chuo)保(bao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)聯控聯保(bao)長(chang)效機制(zhi),加強跨部(bu)門數據比對(dui)和(he)精準摸(mo)排,掛(gua)牌督戰重點地區(qu),切(qie)實(shi)(shi)(shi)做好(hao)勸返(fan)復學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)工作,確保(bao)輟(chuo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生找得(de)(de)到(dao)、勸得(de)(de)回、留得(de)(de)住。2012—2021年(nian),全國小學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)凈入(ru)(ru)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)率(lv)從99.85%提高到(dao)99.9%以上,初中階段(duan)毛入(ru)(ru)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)率(lv)始終保(bao)持在(zai)(zai)100%以上。義(yi)務(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)階段(duan)建檔立(li)卡脫貧(pin)家(jia)庭(ting)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生輟(chuo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)實(shi)(shi)(shi)現動態(tai)清零(ling),長(chang)期存(cun)在(zai)(zai)的(de)輟(chuo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)問題得(de)(de)到(dao)歷史性解決(jue),特(te)別是(shi)“三區(qu)三州”等原(yuan)深(shen)度(du)貧(pin)困地區(qu)以前所未有力度(du)狠抓控輟(chuo)保(bao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),如四川涼山州勸返(fan)了6萬余名輟(chuo)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生,確保(bao)一(yi)個都(dou)不能少。連續實(shi)(shi)(shi)施特(te)殊教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)提升計劃,切(qie)實(shi)(shi)(shi)保(bao)障殘(can)疾(ji)兒(er)童(tong)少年(nian)平等接受教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)權利(li),適齡(ling)(ling)殘(can)疾(ji)兒(er)童(tong)義(yi)務(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)入(ru)(ru)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)率(lv)超(chao)過95%。2021年(nian),全國共有特(te)殊教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)在(zai)(zai)校生92.0萬人,比2012年(nian)增(zeng)加54.1萬人,增(zeng)長(chang)142.8%。
三、強化政府責任,經費保障機制不斷健全
堅持(chi)政(zheng)府舉辦(ban)義(yi)(yi)務(wu)教(jiao)育,強化各級(ji)政(zheng)府投(tou)入(ru)責任,不斷加大投(tou)入(ru)力度,優化投(tou)入(ru)結構(gou),逐步提(ti)高(gao)義(yi)(yi)務(wu)教(jiao)育經(jing)(jing)費(fei)(fei)(fei)保(bao)(bao)障水平。2015年(nian)(nian)(nian),在(zai)整合農(nong)村(cun)義(yi)(yi)務(wu)教(jiao)育經(jing)(jing)費(fei)(fei)(fei)保(bao)(bao)障機制和(he)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市義(yi)(yi)務(wu)教(jiao)育獎補(bu)政(zheng)策的(de)(de)基礎上,建立起(qi)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鄉統一(yi)、重在(zai)農(nong)村(cun)的(de)(de)義(yi)(yi)務(wu)教(jiao)育經(jing)(jing)費(fei)(fei)(fei)保(bao)(bao)障機制。2012—2021年(nian)(nian)(nian),小學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)均(jun)經(jing)(jing)費(fei)(fei)(fei)支(zhi)出(chu)從每生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)每年(nian)(nian)(nian)7447元(yuan)增(zeng)至(zhi)(zhi)14458元(yuan),初(chu)中生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)均(jun)經(jing)(jing)費(fei)(fei)(fei)支(zhi)出(chu)從每生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)每年(nian)(nian)(nian)10218元(yuan)增(zeng)至(zhi)(zhi)20717元(yuan)。生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)均(jun)公用(yong)經(jing)(jing)費(fei)(fei)(fei)標(biao)(biao)準經(jing)(jing)過多次(ci)提(ti)標(biao)(biao),達到東(dong)中西部統一(yi)的(de)(de)小學(xue)(xue)(xue)650元(yuan)、初(chu)中850元(yuan);義(yi)(yi)務(wu)教(jiao)育階段特殊(shu)教(jiao)育生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)均(jun)公用(yong)經(jing)(jing)費(fei)(fei)(fei)補(bu)助(zhu)標(biao)(biao)準提(ti)高(gao)至(zhi)(zhi)7000元(yuan),為(wei)普通(tong)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)8—10倍。“兩免一(yi)補(bu)”(免除學(xue)(xue)(xue)雜費(fei)(fei)(fei)、免費(fei)(fei)(fei)提(ti)供教(jiao)科書,為(wei)家庭經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)困(kun)(kun)難(nan)(nan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)發放生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活補(bu)助(zhu))實(shi)現城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鄉學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)全覆蓋。家庭經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)困(kun)(kun)難(nan)(nan)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)基本實(shi)現應(ying)助(zhu)盡助(zhu),優先將建檔(dang)立卡、低保(bao)(bao)、特困(kun)(kun)供養(yang)、孤兒、殘疾(ji)等(deng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)納入(ru)資助(zhu)范(fan)圍。營養(yang)改善計劃每年(nian)(nian)(nian)惠及3700萬名農(nong)村(cun)學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng),受益學(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)體質健康合格率(lv)從2012年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)70.3%提(ti)高(gao)至(zhi)(zhi)2021年(nian)(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)86.7%,2020年(nian)(nian)(nian)農(nong)村(cun)15歲男(nan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、女生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)平均(jun)身高(gao)分(fen)別比(bi)2012年(nian)(nian)(nian)高(gao)出(chu)近10厘(li)米(mi)和(he)8厘(li)米(mi)。
四、實施重大項目,學校辦學條件根本改觀
堅持補短(duan)板、兜底線,實施“全面改善貧困地(di)(di)區(qu)義務(wu)教育(yu)(yu)(yu)薄弱學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)基(ji)本(ben)辦(ban)(ban)學(xue)(xue)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)”等(deng)重(zhong)大(da)項目,中央財(cai)政(zheng)累計投入(ru)4000多億元,帶(dai)動地(di)(di)方(fang)投入(ru)超(chao)1萬億元,著力解決“鄉村弱、城(cheng)(cheng)鎮擠”問題(ti),縮小城(cheng)(cheng)鄉學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)辦(ban)(ban)學(xue)(xue)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)差距。2012—2021年,全國(guo)義務(wu)教育(yu)(yu)(yu)學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)生均教學(xue)(xue)及輔助用房(fang)面積從(cong)(cong)3.7平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)米增至(zhi)5平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)米,生均體育(yu)(yu)(yu)運動場占地(di)(di)面積從(cong)(cong)7.3平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)米增至(zhi)8.2平(ping)(ping)(ping)方(fang)米,生均教學(xue)(xue)儀器設備值從(cong)(cong)727元增至(zhi)2285元,互(hu)聯網接入(ru)率由(you)25%提升(sheng)到近100%,大(da)班額比例(li)由(you)17.8%降至(zhi)0.71%,超(chao)大(da)班額比例(li)由(you)6.6%降至(zhi)0.01%。義務(wu)教育(yu)(yu)(yu)基(ji)本(ben)辦(ban)(ban)學(xue)(xue)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)得到顯(xian)著改善,危房(fang)、大(da)通鋪等(deng)問題(ti)基(ji)本(ben)解決,特別是許多中西(xi)部農村地(di)(di)區(qu)學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)辦(ban)(ban)學(xue)(xue)條(tiao)(tiao)件(jian)(jian)實現質的(de)飛躍,“最(zui)好(hao)最(zui)安(an)全的(de)建(jian)筑在學(xue)(xue)校(xiao)”得到群眾的(de)公認。
五、夯實立教之本,教師隊伍素質顯著提高
堅持把(ba)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍(wu)建設作為基礎(chu)工(gong)作。提升了中小學(xue)特別是農村(cun)(cun)學(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)職(zhi)工(gong)編制(zhi)配(pei)備標準,實行編制(zhi)城鄉、區域(yu)統籌和動(dong)態(tai)管理。十(shi)年來,義務教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育專任教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)總數從909萬增(zeng)至1057萬,增(zeng)加了148萬人(ren),本科以上(shang)學(xue)歷(li)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)占比(bi)由47.6%提高(gao)至77.7%,總體上(shang)滿足教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)基本需要。健全教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)培(pei)養補充機(ji)制(zhi),通過“特崗(gang)計劃”、公(gong)費師(shi)(shi)(shi)范生、退休支(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)等多種渠道為中西(xi)部農村(cun)(cun)補充大量優質(zhi)師(shi)(shi)(shi)資(zi)。建立(li)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)交流輪崗(gang)制(zhi)度,推(tui)動(dong)優秀(xiu)骨干教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)向農村(cun)(cun)和薄弱學(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)流動(dong)。強化能力(li)素質(zhi)培(pei)訓(xun),“國培(pei)計劃”累計培(pei)訓(xun)校(xiao)(xiao)長(chang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)超過1700萬人(ren)次,大幅提升農村(cun)(cun)校(xiao)(xiao)長(chang)辦學(xue)治校(xiao)(xiao)和農村(cun)(cun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)水平(ping)(ping)(ping)。依(yi)法保障教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)資(zi)待遇,確保義務教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)工(gong)資(zi)收入(ru)水平(ping)(ping)(ping)不低于當地公(gong)務員平(ping)(ping)(ping)均(jun)工(gong)資(zi)收入(ru)水平(ping)(ping)(ping),完善鄉村(cun)(cun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)生活補助,支(zhi)(zhi)持建設農村(cun)(cun)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)周轉宿(su)舍43.3萬套(tao),努力(li)造就(jiu)一支(zhi)(zhi)素質(zhi)優良、甘(gan)于奉獻(xian)、扎根鄉村(cun)(cun)的教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)師(shi)(shi)(shi)隊(dui)伍(wu)。
六、深化綜合治理,學生成長環境全面改善
堅持(chi)(chi)以(yi)人民(min)(min)為(wei)中(zhong)心(xin)(xin)發展教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu),通過(guo)深(shen)化(hua)綜(zong)合改(gai)革(ge),努力破解人民(min)(min)群眾(zhong)關心(xin)(xin)的(de)熱點(dian)難點(dian)問題。十年來,義務教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)招生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)入(ru)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)改(gai)革(ge)不斷深(shen)化(hua),免試就(jiu)近入(ru)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)和(he)“公(gong)民(min)(min)同招”政(zheng)策(ce)全面落實,跨(kua)區(qu)域(yu)考試掐尖、舉辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)“占坑班”、收取“贊助費(fei)”等違(wei)規(gui)招生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)行(xing)為(wei)得(de)到(dao)(dao)全面規(gui)范(fan),擇校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)熱大(da)幅降(jiang)溫,入(ru)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)機會更加(jia)公(gong)平;健(jian)全“兩(liang)為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)、兩(liang)納入(ru)、以(yi)居(ju)住證為(wei)主(zhu)(zhu)要依據”的(de)進(jin)城務工人員(yuan)(yuan)隨(sui)遷子(zi)女(nv)入(ru)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)政(zheng)策(ce),保(bao)障平等接(jie)受義務教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)權(quan)利,2021年義務教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)階段進(jin)城務工人員(yuan)(yuan)隨(sui)遷子(zi)女(nv)在公(gong)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)就(jiu)讀和(he)享受政(zheng)府(fu)購買民(min)(min)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)位服(fu)(fu)務的(de)占比達到(dao)(dao)90.9%。以(yi)前(qian)所未有力度推(tui)進(jin)“雙減(jian)”工作(zuo),大(da)力規(gui)范(fan)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)外(wai)培訓行(xing)為(wei),強化(hua)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)主(zhu)(zhu)陣地作(zuo)用,堅持(chi)(chi)減(jian)負(fu)提(ti)質并重,嚴控學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)作(zuo)業總量和(he)時長,課后服(fu)(fu)務基本(ben)(ben)實現全覆蓋(gai),促進(jin)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習更好(hao)回歸校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)園,學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)過(guo)重學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)業負(fu)擔(dan)明顯減(jian)輕。規(gui)范(fan)民(min)(min)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)義務教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu),優(you)化(hua)公(gong)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)民(min)(min)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)結(jie)構,義務教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)基本(ben)(ben)公(gong)共服(fu)(fu)務屬性得(de)到(dao)(dao)進(jin)一步強化(hua)。出(chu)臺學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)管理(li)標準,激發學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)校(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)活力,落實中(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)自主(zhu)(zhu)權(quan),積極推(tui)進(jin)集團化(hua)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue),有效擴(kuo)大(da)優(you)質教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)資源覆蓋(gai)面。出(chu)臺中(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)籍(ji)管理(li)辦(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)法,建成全國統(tong)一的(de)中(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)籍(ji)信(xin)息管理(li)系(xi)統(tong)。加(jia)強學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)睡眠、手機、讀物(wu)、考試、體質管理(li)和(he)網絡游(you)戲治理(li),強化(hua)心(xin)(xin)理(li)健(jian)康和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命安全教(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu),切實守(shou)護學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)身(shen)心(xin)(xin)健(jian)康。
七、落實立德樹人,教育教學質量整體提升
堅(jian)持用(yong)習近平新(xin)時代中(zhong)國特色社會主義思(si)想(xiang)鑄(zhu)魂育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren),全面貫徹黨的(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)方針,積極(ji)構(gou)建德(de)智體(ti)美勞(lao)全面培養的(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)體(ti)系。制(zhi)(zhi)訂《中(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)德(de)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)作(zuo)指南》,持續開展(zhan)“學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)習新(xin)思(si)想(xiang)、做好(hao)接班人(ren)(ren)”、“從小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)黨史、永遠跟黨走”等(deng)(deng)主題教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu),形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)“開學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)第一(yi)課(ke)(ke)”等(deng)(deng)一(yi)批(pi)有(you)效德(de)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)工(gong)作(zuo)載體(ti),引導(dao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生厚(hou)植愛黨、愛國、愛人(ren)(ren)民、愛社會主義的(de)(de)情感。堅(jian)持五育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)并(bing)舉(ju),修(xiu)訂義務(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)方案和(he)課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)標(biao)準,大力推(tui)動(dong)開齊(qi)開足(zu)國家規定課(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng),學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生體(ti)質(zhi)(zhi)健康狀(zhuang)況(kuang)總體(ti)呈提升趨(qu)勢,藝術(shu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)得到明顯加強。中(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)勞(lao)動(dong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)制(zhi)(zhi)度體(ti)系逐(zhu)步完善(shan),各(ge)地(di)各(ge)校(xiao)(xiao)建立了一(yi)批(pi)勞(lao)動(dong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)實(shi)(shi)驗區、實(shi)(shi)踐基(ji)地(di),全面深入開展(zhan)勞(lao)動(dong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)。深化課(ke)(ke)堂教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)改(gai)革創(chuang)新(xin),完善(shan)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)研工(gong)作(zuo)體(ti)系,成(cheng)(cheng)立基(ji)礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)指導(dao)委員(yuan)會,加強優秀教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)成(cheng)(cheng)果推(tui)廣應(ying)用(yong),改(gai)進(jin)科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)和(he)實(shi)(shi)驗教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)。實(shi)(shi)施國家教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)數字化戰(zhan)略行動(dong),建成(cheng)(cheng)國家中(zhong)小(xiao)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)智慧(hui)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)平臺,促(cu)進(jin)優質(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)資源共享,有(you)效服務(wu)“停課(ke)(ke)不(bu)停學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)”、落實(shi)(shi)“雙減”和(he)基(ji)礎教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)高質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。印(yin)發(fa)(fa)《義務(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)評價(jia)指南》,構(gou)建以發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)素(su)質(zhi)(zhi)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)為導(dao)向的(de)(de)評價(jia)體(ti)系。更加注重家校(xiao)(xiao)社協同育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)人(ren)(ren),科(ke)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)觀(guan)(guan)念逐(zhu)步深入人(ren)(ren)心。國家義務(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監測(ce)結果顯示,學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生普遍具有(you)積極(ji)的(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)生價(jia)值觀(guan)(guan),80%左右(you)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)業表(biao)現(xian)達到中(zhong)等(deng)(deng)以上水平。我(wo)(wo)國部(bu)分省份連(lian)續幾次參加國際(ji)學(xue)(xue)(xue)(xue)生評估項目(PISA)測(ce)試,總體(ti)成(cheng)(cheng)績名列(lie)前茅(mao),從一(yi)個側面反映我(wo)(wo)國義務(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)邁入世界先(xian)進(jin)行列(lie)。
這(zhe)十(shi)年的改(gai)革發展,不僅整體提升了(le)(le)義務教(jiao)育(yu)辦學水(shui)平,也有效(xiao)促進(jin)了(le)(le)教(jiao)育(yu)公(gong)平、提升了(le)(le)國民(min)素(su)質、增強了(le)(le)人(ren)民(min)群眾獲(huo)得(de)感幸(xing)福感,為培育(yu)堪當民(min)族復興大任的時(shi)代(dai)新人(ren)奠定了(le)(le)堅實基礎。
回(hui)顧十(shi)年來(lai)的不(bu)平(ping)凡(fan)歷程(cheng),我們深切體(ti)會到,辦(ban)好義務教育:
必須堅(jian)持黨的全面(mian)領導,全面(mian)貫徹黨的教育方針(zhen),落實立(li)德樹人根本任務(wu),牢(lao)牢(lao)把好社(she)會(hui)主義辦學(xue)方向(xiang);
必(bi)須堅(jian)持強(qiang)化(hua)政府(fu)責任,加強(qiang)部門(men)協同(tong)聯(lian)動,落實省市統(tong)籌、以(yi)縣為主管(guan)理體制,動員各(ge)方力量(liang)共同(tong)辦好義務教育;
必須(xu)堅持以人(ren)民為中心(xin),大力促進(jin)教育(yu)公平(ping),著力解決(jue)群眾關心(xin)的急難愁盼問題,努力辦(ban)好人(ren)民滿意的義(yi)務教育(yu);
必須堅(jian)持質量至上,大力建設高素質專業化教師隊(dui)伍,深入(ru)實施素質教育,培(pei)養德(de)智體美勞全面(mian)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)社會主義合格建設者(zhe)和(he)可靠接班(ban)人。
我國義務(wu)(wu)教(jiao)育發展(zhan)(zhan)已經站在新的歷(li)史(shi)起點上。我們將(jiang)堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持以習近平(ping)新時代中國特(te)色社會主(zhu)義思想為(wei)指(zhi)導(dao),按照(zhao)黨中央國務(wu)(wu)院(yuan)關于(yu)構建高質(zhi)量(liang)教(jiao)育體系(xi)的部(bu)署,一手抓(zhua)持續(xu)鞏固基本均衡(heng)發展(zhan)(zhan)成果,一手抓(zhua)大(da)力推(tui)進優(you)(you)質(zhi)均衡(heng)發展(zhan)(zhan),更加注(zhu)重落(luo)實(shi)(shi)全面(mian)發展(zhan)(zhan)的教(jiao)育理(li)念,更加注(zhu)重提升學校(xiao)(xiao)建設標準化水(shui)平(ping),更加注(zhu)重建設高素質(zhi)教(jiao)師(shi)隊(dui)伍,更加注(zhu)重提高人(ren)民群眾滿(man)意度。堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持政府主(zhu)責、強化統籌(chou),持續(xu)縮(suo)小區域、城鄉、校(xiao)(xiao)際、群體教(jiao)育差距(ju);堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持先行創(chuang)建、示范帶動,鼓勵支持各地探(tan)索優(you)(you)質(zhi)均衡(heng)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)路(lu)徑(jing)和(he)有效舉措(cuo);堅(jian)(jian)(jian)持科(ke)學規劃(hua)、分(fen)步推(tui)進,指(zhi)導(dao)各省各縣(xian)(xian)根據實(shi)(shi)際、分(fen)期分(fen)批(pi)加快實(shi)(shi)現(xian)縣(xian)(xian)域優(you)(you)質(zhi)均衡(heng),為(wei)到2035年全面(mian)實(shi)(shi)現(xian)義務(wu)(wu)教(jiao)育優(you)(you)質(zhi)均衡(heng)發展(zhan)(zhan)奠定(ding)堅(jian)(jian)(jian)實(shi)(shi)基礎。
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中國教育在線
